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Plant Compounds of Citrus hystrix , the Kaffir lime

Kingdom:  Plantae
Class:  Magnoliopsida
Order:  Sapindales
Family:  Rutaceae
Genus:  Citrus
Author:  de Candolle
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Bedoukain RussellIPM

Compounds:

Sato  1990 
 
        alpha-copaene  1.24 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Chiang Rai, Thailand  juice extract 
        alpha-pinene  4.61 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  1.47 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  7.09 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  1.08 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.83 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-ocimene  0.09 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-phellandrene  1.35 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  39.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  0.35 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-linalool oxide  0.97 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellyl acetate  0.45 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  4.03 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl acetate  1.99 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrene D  0.89 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  2.78 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  0.81 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  1.13 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  4.52 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  17.55 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Huang  2000 
 
        10Ald  0.16 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   China  leaf 
        11Ald  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        3-carene  0.04 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        8OH  0.06 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        9Ald  0.17 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.04 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-phellandrene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.04 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.02 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-thujene  0.02 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-phellandrene  0.03 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.17 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        caryophyllene oxide  0.09 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-beta-ocimene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-linalool oxide  0.33 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-sabinene hydrate  0.09 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellal  77.98 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellol  5.99 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellyl acetate  3.75 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-cadinene  0.06 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-elemene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E,E-alpha-farnesene  0.04 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        elemol  0.09 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  0.07 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranial  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geraniol  0.12 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl acetate  0.75 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrene B  0.07 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.12 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  3.66 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  0.72 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        neral  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        nerol  0.04 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        neryl acetate  0.13 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  2.42 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        spathulenol  0.04 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-beta-ocimene  0.35 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-nerolidol  0.42 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Moreuil  1973 
 
        alpha-pinene  0.37 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Madagascar  leaf 
        beta-pinene  1.53 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellal  58.92 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  1.08 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.48 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  4.67 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  1.44 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  4.81 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.85 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Taufiq  2001 
 
        alpha-amorphene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Malaysia  leaf 
        alpha-cadinol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.06 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        bicyclogermacrene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellal  83.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellol  8.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellyl propionate  1.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-cadinene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Lawrence  1971 
 
        alpha-copaene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Thailand  peel 
        alpha-pinene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-cubebene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  2.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellal  65.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellol  3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellyl acetate  5.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-cadinene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl acetate  3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isopulegol  4.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  2.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  2.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-beta-ocimene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Sato  1990 
 
        10-epi-cubenol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Chiang Rai, Thailand  leaf 
        1H-indole  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        1R2S5R-isopulegol  0.32 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        3-carene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-copaene  0.06 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-curcumene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-muurolene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-phellandrene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.06 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.03 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.16 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-elemene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-ocimene  0.23 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-phellandrene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.24 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        calamenene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-linalool oxide  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-pyranoid linalool oxide  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-sabinene hydrate  0.13 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellic acid  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellol  8.22 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellyl acetate  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cubenol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta5-2me6me-7Ald  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta5-2me6me-7OH  0.13 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-cadinene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        elemol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-phytol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  0.07 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranial  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geraniol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl acetate  0.09 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrene D  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isocaryophyllene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isomenthone  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isophytol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  3.69 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool oxide  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        menthone  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  0.43 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        neral  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        neryl acetone  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        R-citronellal  81.49 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        rose oxide  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  1.57 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        safrole  0.24 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sulcatone  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpin  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinolen-4,8-epoxide  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-nerolidol  0.18 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-sabinene hydrate  0.14 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        Z,E-alpha-farnesene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Sato  1990 
 
        1R2S5R-isopulegol  0.27 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Chiang Rai, Thailand  peel 
        alpha-copaene  0.61 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-eudesmol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  1.95 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.39 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  1.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-ocimene  0.09 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-phellandrene  0.84 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  25.93 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cadinol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  0.14 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-linalool oxide  0.34 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-sabinene hydrate  0.32 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellic acid  0.33 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellol  2.91 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellyl acetate  1.54 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-cadinene  0.71 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        elemol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl acetate  1.04 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrene D  0.36 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isopulegol epoxide  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  5.27 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  1.92 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  1.29 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.25 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        R-citronellal  16.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  20.36 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  3.76 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-nerolidol  0.11 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-sabinene hydrate  0.95 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Sato  1990 
 
        10Ald  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Chiang Rai, Thailand  peel, extract 
        10-epi-cubenol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        1R2S5R-isopulegol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        3-carene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        8Ald  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        9Ald  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-copaene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-muurolene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  2.59 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  2.07 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.21 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.72 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-ocimene  0.13 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-phellandrene  0.95 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  31.54 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  0.17 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-linalool oxide  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-sabinene hydrate  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellol  2.87 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellyl acetate  0.49 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cubenol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta5-2me6me-7OH  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-cadinene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E2E4-10Ald  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  0.12 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranial  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geraniol  0.37 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl acetate  1.04 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrene D  0.46 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonen-4-ol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  13.79 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  1.82 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        neral  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        nerol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        neryl acetate  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.09 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        perilla aldehyde  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-menth-2-en-1-ol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        R-citronellal  0.36 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  15.57 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-nerolidol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-sabinene hydrate  1.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        Z,E-alpha-farnesene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Sato  1990 
 
        1R2S5R-isopulegol  0.69 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Chiang Rai, Thailand  twig 
        3-carene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-copaene  0.27 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.17 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-ocimene  0.21 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-phellandrene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-sabinene hydrate  0.29 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellic acid  0.52 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellol  6.35 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellyl acetate  3.91 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta5-2me6me-7OH  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-cadinene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl acetate  0.37 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  6.39 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  0.06 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        R-citronellal  78.64 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.21 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.16 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-nerolidol  0.35 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-sabinene hydrate  0.21 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Reference(s):

Huang, Y., Pu, Z., and Chen, Q.-Y. 2000. The chemical composition of the leaf essential oils from 110 citrus species, cultivars, hybrids and varieties of Chinese origin. Perfum. Flavor. 25(1):53-66.
 
Lawrence, B.M., Hogg, J.W., Terhune, S.J., and Podimuang, V. 1971. Constituents of the leaf and peel oils of Citrus hystrix, DC. Phytochem. 10(6):1404-1405.
 
Moreuil, C., and Huet, R. 1973. Le combava. Culture et débouchés à Madagascar. Fruits. 28:703-708.
 
Sato, A., Asano, K., and Sato, T. 1990. The chemical composition of Citrus hystrix DC (Swangi). J. Essent. Oil Res. 2(4):179-183.
 
Taufiq, Y.H., Peh, T.H., Ee, G.C.L., Ali, A.M., Rahmani, M., Sukar, M.A., and Muse, R. 2001. Chemical variability and some biological activities of leaf essential oils from five species of Malaysian Citrus. Orient. J. Chem. 17:387-390.
 
 
Citation: El-Sayed AM 2024. The Pherobase: Database of Pheromones and Semiochemicals. <http://www.pherobase.com>.
Ⓒ 2003-2024 The Pherobase - Extensive Database of Pheromones and Semiochemicals. Ashraf M. El-Sayed.
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