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« Previous SpeciesCitrus clementina    Next SpeciesCitrus inflata »

Plant Compounds of Citrus hystrix , the Kaffir lime

Kingdom:  Plantae
Class:  Magnoliopsida
Order:  Sapindales
Family:  Rutaceae
Genus:  Citrus
Author:  de Candolle
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Bedoukain RussellIPM

Compounds:

Sato  1990 
 
        alpha-copaene  1.24 Relative ratio of the component   Chiang Rai, Thailand  juice extract 
        alpha-pinene  4.61 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-terpinene  1.47 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-terpineol  7.09 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-terpinolene  1.08 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.83 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-ocimene  0.09 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-phellandrene  1.35 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-pinene  39.5 Relative ratio of the component      
        camphene  0.35 Relative ratio of the component      
        cis-linalool oxide  0.97 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellyl acetate  0.45 Relative ratio of the component      
        gamma-terpinene  4.03 Relative ratio of the component      
        geranyl acetate  1.99 Relative ratio of the component      
        germacrene D  0.89 Relative ratio of the component      
        limonene  2.78 Relative ratio of the component      
        linalool  0.81 Relative ratio of the component      
        myrcene  1.13 Relative ratio of the component      
        p-cymene  0.4 Relative ratio of the component      
        sabinene  4.52 Relative ratio of the component      
        terpinen-4-ol  17.55 Relative ratio of the component      
 
Huang  2000 
 
        10Ald  0.16 Relative ratio of the component   China  leaf 
        11Ald  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        3-carene  0.04 Relative ratio of the component      
        8OH  0.06 Relative ratio of the component      
        9Ald  0.17 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.04 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-phellandrene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-pinene  0.1 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-terpinene  0.04 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-terpineol  0.02 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.05 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-thujene  0.02 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.15 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-phellandrene  0.03 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-pinene  0.17 Relative ratio of the component      
        camphene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        caryophyllene oxide  0.09 Relative ratio of the component      
        cis-beta-ocimene  0.05 Relative ratio of the component      
        cis-linalool oxide  0.33 Relative ratio of the component      
        cis-sabinene hydrate  0.09 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellal  77.98 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellol  5.99 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellyl acetate  3.75 Relative ratio of the component      
        delta-cadinene  0.06 Relative ratio of the component      
        delta-elemene  0.05 Relative ratio of the component      
        E,E-alpha-farnesene  0.04 Relative ratio of the component      
        elemol  0.09 Relative ratio of the component      
        gamma-terpinene  0.07 Relative ratio of the component      
        geranial  0.05 Relative ratio of the component      
        geraniol  0.12 Relative ratio of the component      
        geranyl acetate  0.75 Relative ratio of the component      
        germacrene B  0.07 Relative ratio of the component      
        limonene  0.12 Relative ratio of the component      
        linalool  3.66 Relative ratio of the component      
        myrcene  0.72 Relative ratio of the component      
        neral  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        nerol  0.04 Relative ratio of the component      
        neryl acetate  0.13 Relative ratio of the component      
        p-cymene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        sabinene  2.42 Relative ratio of the component      
        spathulenol  0.04 Relative ratio of the component      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.05 Relative ratio of the component      
        trans-beta-ocimene  0.35 Relative ratio of the component      
        trans-nerolidol  0.42 Relative ratio of the component      
 
Moreuil  1973 
 
        alpha-pinene  0.37 Relative ratio of the component   Madagascar  leaf 
        beta-pinene  1.53 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellal  58.92 Relative ratio of the component      
        gamma-terpinene  1.08 Relative ratio of the component      
        limonene  0.48 Relative ratio of the component      
        linalool  4.67 Relative ratio of the component      
        myrcene  1.44 Relative ratio of the component      
        sabinene  4.81 Relative ratio of the component      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.85 Relative ratio of the component      
 
Taufiq  2001 
 
        alpha-amorphene  0.1 Relative ratio of the component   Malaysia  leaf 
        alpha-cadinol  0.1 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.1 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.06 Relative ratio of the component      
        bicyclogermacrene  0.2 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellal  83.3 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellol  8.5 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellyl propionate  1.4 Relative ratio of the component      
        delta-cadinene  0.2 Relative ratio of the component      
 
Lawrence  1971 
 
        alpha-copaene  0.1 Relative ratio of the component   Thailand  peel 
        alpha-pinene  0.2 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.2 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.4 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-cubebene  0.1 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-pinene  2.5 Relative ratio of the component      
        camphene  0.05 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellal  65.4 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellol  3 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellyl acetate  5.1 Relative ratio of the component      
        delta-cadinene  0.4 Relative ratio of the component      
        gamma-terpinene  0.2 Relative ratio of the component      
        geranyl acetate  3 Relative ratio of the component      
        isopulegol  4.9 Relative ratio of the component      
        limonene  0.6 Relative ratio of the component      
        linalool  2.9 Relative ratio of the component      
        myrcene  0.6 Relative ratio of the component      
        p-cymene  0.1 Relative ratio of the component      
        sabinene  2.4 Relative ratio of the component      
        trans-beta-ocimene  0.3 Relative ratio of the component      
 
Sato  1990 
 
        10-epi-cubenol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component   Chiang Rai, Thailand  leaf 
        1H-indole  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        1R2S5R-isopulegol  0.32 Relative ratio of the component      
        3-carene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-copaene  0.06 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-curcumene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-muurolene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-phellandrene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-pinene  0.06 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-terpinene  0.03 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.05 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.16 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-elemene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-ocimene  0.23 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-phellandrene  0.05 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-pinene  0.24 Relative ratio of the component      
        calamenene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        cis-linalool oxide  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        cis-pyranoid linalool oxide  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        cis-sabinene hydrate  0.13 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellic acid  0.1 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellol  8.22 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellyl acetate  0.9 Relative ratio of the component      
        cubenol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        delta5-2me6me-7Ald  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        delta5-2me6me-7OH  0.13 Relative ratio of the component      
        delta-cadinene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        elemol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        E-phytol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        gamma-terpinene  0.07 Relative ratio of the component      
        geranial  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        geraniol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        geranyl acetate  0.09 Relative ratio of the component      
        germacrene D  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        isocaryophyllene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        isomenthone  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        isophytol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        linalool  3.69 Relative ratio of the component      
        linalool oxide  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        menthone  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        myrcene  0.43 Relative ratio of the component      
        neral  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        neryl acetone  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        p-cymene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        R-citronellal  81.49 Relative ratio of the component      
        rose oxide  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        sabinene  1.57 Relative ratio of the component      
        safrole  0.24 Relative ratio of the component      
        sulcatone  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        terpin  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.2 Relative ratio of the component      
        terpinolen-4,8-epoxide  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        trans-nerolidol  0.18 Relative ratio of the component      
        trans-sabinene hydrate  0.14 Relative ratio of the component      
        Z,E-alpha-farnesene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
 
Sato  1990 
 
        1R2S5R-isopulegol  0.27 Relative ratio of the component   Chiang Rai, Thailand  peel 
        alpha-copaene  0.61 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-eudesmol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-pinene  1.95 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-terpinene  0.39 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-terpineol  1.7 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.3 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-ocimene  0.09 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-phellandrene  0.84 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-pinene  25.93 Relative ratio of the component      
        cadinol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        camphene  0.14 Relative ratio of the component      
        cis-linalool oxide  0.34 Relative ratio of the component      
        cis-sabinene hydrate  0.32 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellic acid  0.33 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellol  2.91 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellyl acetate  1.54 Relative ratio of the component      
        delta-cadinene  0.71 Relative ratio of the component      
        elemol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        eucalyptol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        gamma-terpinene  0.9 Relative ratio of the component      
        geranyl acetate  1.04 Relative ratio of the component      
        germacrene D  0.36 Relative ratio of the component      
        isopulegol epoxide  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        limonene  5.27 Relative ratio of the component      
        linalool  1.92 Relative ratio of the component      
        myrcene  1.29 Relative ratio of the component      
        p-cymene  0.25 Relative ratio of the component      
        R-citronellal  16.8 Relative ratio of the component      
        sabinene  20.36 Relative ratio of the component      
        terpinen-4-ol  3.76 Relative ratio of the component      
        trans-nerolidol  0.11 Relative ratio of the component      
        trans-sabinene hydrate  0.95 Relative ratio of the component      
 
Sato  1990 
 
        10Ald  0.01 Relative ratio of the component   Chiang Rai, Thailand  peel, extract 
        10-epi-cubenol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        1R2S5R-isopulegol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        3-carene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        8Ald  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        9Ald  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-copaene  0.7 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-muurolene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-pinene  2.59 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-terpineol  2.07 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.21 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.72 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-ocimene  0.13 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-phellandrene  0.95 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-pinene  31.54 Relative ratio of the component      
        borneol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        camphene  0.17 Relative ratio of the component      
        camphor  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        cis-linalool oxide  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        cis-sabinene hydrate  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellol  2.87 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellyl acetate  0.49 Relative ratio of the component      
        cubenol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        delta5-2me6me-7OH  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        delta-cadinene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        E2E4-10Ald  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        eucalyptol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        gamma-terpinene  0.12 Relative ratio of the component      
        geranial  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        geraniol  0.37 Relative ratio of the component      
        geranyl acetate  1.04 Relative ratio of the component      
        germacrene D  0.46 Relative ratio of the component      
        limonen-4-ol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        limonene  13.79 Relative ratio of the component      
        linalool  1.82 Relative ratio of the component      
        neral  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        nerol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        neryl acetate  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        p-cymene  0.09 Relative ratio of the component      
        perilla aldehyde  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        p-menth-2-en-1-ol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        R-citronellal  0.36 Relative ratio of the component      
        sabinene  15.57 Relative ratio of the component      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.4 Relative ratio of the component      
        trans-nerolidol  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        trans-sabinene hydrate  1.7 Relative ratio of the component      
        Z,E-alpha-farnesene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
 
Sato  1990 
 
        1R2S5R-isopulegol  0.69 Relative ratio of the component   Chiang Rai, Thailand  twig 
        3-carene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-copaene  0.27 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-pinene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-terpinene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.17 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-ocimene  0.21 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-phellandrene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        beta-pinene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        cis-sabinene hydrate  0.29 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellic acid  0.52 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellol  6.35 Relative ratio of the component      
        citronellyl acetate  3.91 Relative ratio of the component      
        delta5-2me6me-7OH  0.1 Relative ratio of the component      
        delta-cadinene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        gamma-terpinene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        geranyl acetate  0.37 Relative ratio of the component      
        limonene  0.01 Relative ratio of the component      
        linalool  6.39 Relative ratio of the component      
        myrcene  0.06 Relative ratio of the component      
        R-citronellal  78.64 Relative ratio of the component      
        sabinene  0.21 Relative ratio of the component      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.16 Relative ratio of the component      
        trans-nerolidol  0.35 Relative ratio of the component      
        trans-sabinene hydrate  0.21 Relative ratio of the component      
 
Reference(s):

Huang, Y., Pu, Z., and Chen, Q.-Y. 2000. The chemical composition of the leaf essential oils from 110 citrus species, cultivars, hybrids and varieties of Chinese origin. Perfum. Flavor. 25(1):53-66.
 
Lawrence, B.M., Hogg, J.W., Terhune, S.J., and Podimuang, V. 1971. Constituents of the leaf and peel oils of Citrus hystrix, DC. Phytochem. 10(6):1404-1405.
 
Moreuil, C., and Huet, R. 1973. Le combava. Culture et d�bouch�s � Madagascar. Fruits. 28:703-708.
 
Sato, A., Asano, K., and Sato, T. 1990. The chemical composition of Citrus hystrix DC (Swangi). J. Essent. Oil Res. 2(4):179-183.
 
Taufiq, Y.H., Peh, T.H., Ee, G.C.L., Ali, A.M., Rahmani, M., Sukar, M.A., and Muse, R. 2001. Chemical variability and some biological activities of leaf essential oils from five species of Malaysian Citrus. Orient. J. Chem. 17:387-390.
 
 
Citation: El-Sayed AM 2025. The Pherobase: Database of Pheromones and Semiochemicals. <http://www.pherobase.com>.
Ⓒ 2003-2025 The Pherobase - Extensive Database of Pheromones and Semiochemicals. Ashraf M. El-Sayed.
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