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« Previous SpeciesCymbopogon microstachys    Next SpeciesCymbopogon naruds var. confertiflorus »

Plant Compounds of Cymbopogon nardus , the Ceylon citronella

Kingdom:  Plantae
Class:  Liliopsida
Order:  Poales
Family:  Poaceae
Genus:  Cymbopogon
Author:  Linnaeus
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Bedoukain RussellIPM

Compounds:

Kubeczka  1979 
 
        alpha-bergamotene  1.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Argentina  oil 
        alpha-cadinene  1.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  1.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-beta-ocimene  2.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellal  5.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellol  3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellyl acetate  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        elemene  1.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eugenol  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranial  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geraniol  20.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl acetate  3.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isopulegol  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  0.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        neral  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        nerol  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Cadin  1988 
 
        10Ald  0.18 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦     oil 
        10-epi-gamma-eudesmol  0.23 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        3-carene  0.12 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.21 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-copaene  0.04 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-muurolene  0.46 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-phellandrene  0.12 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  1.87 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.06 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  1.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.74 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-thujene  0.02 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bourbonene  0.18 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.44 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-cubebene  3.77 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-elemene  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-phellandrene  0.03 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.06 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  5.23 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        bornyl acetate  0.42 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  6.97 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphenilone  0.07 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-beta-ocimene  1.92 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-methylisoeugenol  1.18 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellal  6.09 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellol  6.15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellyl acetate  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta5-2me6me-7Ald  0.11 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-cadinene  0.09 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-alpha-farnesol  0.06 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        elemol  1.14 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  0.03 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-cadinene  1.02 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-muurolene  0.36 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geraniol  20.91 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl acetate  2.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isoisopulegol  0.87 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  8.66 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  0.56 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        methyl eugenol  0.99 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  0.83 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        neryl acetate  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.06 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sulcatone  0.16 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        t-amorphol  0.55 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.65 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinyl acetate  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-beta-ocimene  1.07 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-methylisoeugenol  8.42 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-muurolol  0.33 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        tricyclene  1.09 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        Z-alpha-farnesol  0.07 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Wijesekera  1973 
 
        3-carene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Sri Lanka  oil 
        6OH  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-phellandrene  0.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  2.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  3.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  6.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        bourbonene  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-beta-ocimene  1.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellal  5.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellol  8.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellyl acetate  1.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellyl butyrate  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        elemol  1.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        farnesol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geraniol  18 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl butyrate  1.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl formate  4.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  9.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  1.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool acetate  0.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        menthol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        methyl eugenol  1.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        methyl heptenone  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        methyl isoeugenol  7.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        nerol  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        nerolidol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-beta-ocimene  1.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        tricyclene  1.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Analytical Methods Committee  1984 
 
        alpha-bergamotene  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦     oil 
        alpha-phellandrene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  2.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.65 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.95 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-elemene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-phellandrene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        bornyl acetate  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  7.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        caryophyllene oxide  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-beta-ocimene  2.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-methylisoeugenol  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellal  14 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellol  6.35 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellyl acetate  1.15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-cadinene  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        elemol  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geraniol  17.25 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl acetate  2.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl butyrate  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl formate  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isopulegol  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  11.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  0.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        nerol  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.25 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.35 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinyl acetate  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-beta-ocimene  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-methylisoeugenol  10.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        tricyclene  1.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Kubeczka  1982 
 
        3-carene  0.12 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦     oil 
        5me-7-3Kt  0.07 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-bergamotene  0.91 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-phellandrene  0.11 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  2.74 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  2.65 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.64 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  1.69 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-phellandrene  0.52 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.08 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  0.37 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  9.78 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  0.27 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-beta-ocimene  2.12 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellal  4.07 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellol  3.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-cadinene  0.48 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  0.03 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geraniol  18.28 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl acetate  2.86 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrene D  1.17 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  9.54 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  0.64 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  0.87 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        nerol  0.67 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.19 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.18 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-beta-ocimene  1.03 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        tricyclene  0.52 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Zhu  1993 
 
        alpha-guaiene  1.85 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   China  oil 
        alpha-muurolene  0.41 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  4.78 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bourbonene  0.13 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-cubebene  1.21 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-elemene  0.97 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.39 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellal  38.47 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellol  14.19 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellyl acetate  3.88 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-cadinene  1.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eugenol  0.85 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-cadinene  0.19 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-muurolene  0.39 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranial  0.24 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geraniol  16.83 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl acetate  3.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isopulegol  0.89 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  2.81 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  0.63 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        neral  0.23 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Moody  1995 
 
        10OH  0.33 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Zimbabwe  oil 
        24Hy  2.12 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        2me7me-Z4-octen-2,7-diol  1.18 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.43 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-copaene  0.48 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-muurolene  0.89 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.32 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.62 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  1.65 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-eudesmol  0.49 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-himachalene  1.26 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        bornyl acetate  0.54 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  0.28 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  0.56 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-beta-ocimene  0.35 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellal  1.02 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellol  1.65 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellyl propionate  0.87 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-cadinene  4.13 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-selinene  0.47 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        elemene  1.28 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eudesmol  0.56 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        fenchone  2.38 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-cadinene  0.33 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranial  0.91 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geraniol  29.47 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl formate  8.79 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        hedycaryol  3.44 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  3.26 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  1.45 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        neral  0.29 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Reference(s):

Analytical Methods Committee. 1984. Application of gas-liquid chromatography to the analysis of essential oils. Part XI. Monographs for seven essential oils. Analyst. 109:1343-1360.
 
Cadin, J.T., Kramer, S., and Ho, C.-T. 1988. Comparison of commercial citronella oils from various origins. 1988. In: Flavors and Fragrances: A World Perspective, eds. Lawrence, B.M., Mookherjee, B.D., and Willis, B.J. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherland. 495-504.
 
Kubeczka, K.-H. 1979. Vorkommen und Analytik ätherischer Öle. Thieme Verlag, Suttgart. 2.
 
Kubeczka, K.-H., and Formácek, V. 1982. Essential oils analysis by capillary gas chromatography and carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy. :219-226. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK.
 
Moody, J.O., Adeleye, S.A., Gundidza, M.G., Wyllie, G., and Ajayi-Obe, O.O. 1995. Analysis of the essential oil of Cymbopogon nardus (L) Rendle growing in Zimbabwe. Pharmazie. 50(1):74-75.
 
Wijesekera, R.O.B. 1973. The chemical composition and analysis of citronella oil. J. Nat. Sci. Council (Sri Lanka). 1:67-81.
 
Zhu, L., Li, Y., Li, B., Lu, B., and Xia, N. 1993. Aromatic plants and essential constituents. South China Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Peace Book Co. Ltd., Hong Kong. 112.
 
 
Citation: El-Sayed AM 2024. The Pherobase: Database of Pheromones and Semiochemicals. <http://www.pherobase.com>.
Ⓒ 2003-2024 The Pherobase - Extensive Database of Pheromones and Semiochemicals. Ashraf M. El-Sayed.
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