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« Previous SpeciesCurcuma heyneana    Next SpeciesCurcuma mangga »

Plant Compounds of Curcuma longa , the Turmeric

Kingdom:  Plantae
Class:  Liliopsida
Order:  Zingiberales
Family:  Zingiberaceae
Genus:  Curcuma
Author:  Linnaeus
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Bedoukain RussellIPM

Compounds:

Lawrence  1982 
 
        alpha-curcumene  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦     oil 
        alpha-phellandrene  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-curcumene  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bisabolene  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-sesquiphellandrene  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-beta-farnesene  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isocaryophyllene  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  12 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        turmerone  35 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Toussaint  1982 
 
        alpha-caryophyllene  3.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦     oil 
        alpha-phellandrene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-zingiberene  11.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-curcumene  7.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bisabolene  1.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-curcumene  5.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-farnesene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-sesquiphellandrene  9.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  27.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        turmerone  28.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Kojima  1998 
 
        11-2Kt  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦     oil 
        2-hydroxy-1,8-cineole  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        3-carene  0.35 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.25 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-phellandrene  1.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.25 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-turmerone  21.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-zingiberene  2.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-curcumene  3.65 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bisabolene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-curcumene  2.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-elemene  0.25 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-farnesene  0.25 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-sesquiphellandral  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-turmerone  23.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-carveol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curcuphenol  0.15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curzerene  0.25 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curzerenone  0.85 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-elemene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  1.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrene D  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrone  2.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isoborneol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        octan-2-ol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  8.85 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        xanthorrhizol  3.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Gopalan  2000 
 
        alpha-bergamotene  1.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Japan  oil, CO2-extract 
        alpha-phellandrol  1.84 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  1.25 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.96 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-curcumene  4.23 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  1.63 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-sesquiphellandrene  3.17 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  1.08 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  5.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        carvone  2.12 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellal  4.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellyl valerate  2.94 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cubebene  2.16 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrene D  1.02 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  1.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        menthofuran  1.99 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        nerol  1.53 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  1.15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  42 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        turmerone  16.12 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        xanthorrhizol  1.14 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Sharma  1997 
 
        3-carene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Bhutan  rhizome 
        alpha-bisabolone  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-caryophyllene  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-curcumene  1.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-phellandrene  1.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-turmerone  30.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-zingiberene  4.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-turmerol  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bisabolene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-sesquiphellandrene  3.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-turmerone  14.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curcuphenol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-alpha-atlantone  1.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-beta-farnesene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        elemicin  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  7.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        nonan-2-ol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  16.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Sharma  1997 
 
        2-p-tolylpropene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Bhutan  leaf 
        3-carene  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        5-hydroxy-p-menth-6-en-2Kt  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        6-hydroxy-p-menth-1-en-3Kt  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-curcumene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-phellandrene  18.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  2.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  11.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-thujene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-turmerone  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-zingiberene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bisabolene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  7.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-sesquiphellandrene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-turmerone  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        carvacrol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        caryophyllene oxide  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cinnamaldehyde  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-beta-ocimene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-carvotanacetol  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-sabinol  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curdione  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-beta-farnesene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        elemicin  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  14.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrone  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  3.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  1.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  1.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrtenal  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrtenol  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymen-8-ol  2.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  13.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        piperitone  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        thymol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        toluene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-beta-ocimene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-nerolidol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Zhu  1995 
 
        2-1me5me-4-hexenyl-4me-phenol  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   China  oil 
        6S-1Rme5me-hex-4-enyl-3me-2-cyclohexen-1Kt  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-phellandrene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.53 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-zingiberene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-curcumene  1.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-turmerol  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bisabolol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-curcumene  2.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-elemene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-farnesene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.27 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-sesquiphellandrene  2.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curcuphenol  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-alpha-atlantone  2.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrone  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  24.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        turmerol  20 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        turmerone  29.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Li  1997 
 
        3-carene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   China  oil 
        alpha-copaene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.06 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-zingiberene  3.61 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-curcumene  15.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-cadinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-phellandrene  1.57 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.06 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  0.61 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        bornyl acetate  0.23 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        carvone  0.07 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citral  0.11 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        citronellyl acetate  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curzerenone  0.12 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  1.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eugenol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        farnesol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-curcumene  0.04 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isocaryophyllene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool acetate  0.08 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool propionate  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        o-cymene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.87 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  6.38 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        turmerone  49.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        zingiberol  0.15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Chen  1983 
 
        alpha-pinene  0.53 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   China  rhizome 
        alpha-zingiberene  8.14 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-curcumene  10 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.27 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  0.02 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  0.06 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curdione  11.58 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curzerendioine  1.19 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curzerenol  2.13 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curzerenone  2.04 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  2.92 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eugenol  0.21 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-curcumene  2.17 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  2.72 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  0.16 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  18.38 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        turmerone  24.07 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Chen  1983 
 
        alpha-pinene  0.06 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   China  tuber 
        alpha-zingiberene  5.97 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  0.09 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curdione  9.81 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curzerendioine  1.86 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curzerenol  1.75 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curzerenone  1.41 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  1.33 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eugenol  0.18 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  7.26 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isoborneol  0.51 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.57 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  0.16 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  14.44 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        turmerone  29.03 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Kelkar  1933 
 
        alpha-phellandrene  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Bengal  rhizome 
        alpha-zingiberene  25 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  23.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        turmerone  29.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Nigam  1991 
 
        alpha-pinene  0.53 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   India  oil 
        alpha-terpinene  2.72 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-curcumene  12.17 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  1.34 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.27 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curcumenol  2.13 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curdione  1.19 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curzerenone  2.04 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  2.92 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eugenol  0.21 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrone  11.58 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  0.16 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  18.38 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        turmerone  24.07 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Garg  1999 
 
        alpha-turmerone  15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Tarai Belt, India  rhizome 
        ar-curcumene  5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-curcumene  5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-turmerone  20 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        turmerone  30 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Negi  1999 
 
        alpha-zingiberene  2.48 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   India  oil 
        ar-curcumene  3.49 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-turmerol  0.87 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bisabolene  2.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        caryophyllene oxide  1.03 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curlone  3.88 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-beta-farnesene  6.57 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  62 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        turmerone  5.09 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Garg  2002 
 
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Pantnagar, India  leaf 
        alpha-curcumene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-thujene  4.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-turmerone  1.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-zingiberene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bisabolene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  6.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-sesquiphellandrene  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-turmerone  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-sabinol  7.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  18.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  2.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrtenal  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymen-8-ol  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  25.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Raina  2002 
 
        10-epi-gamma-eudesmol  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Lucknow, India  rhizome, Roma 
        14Hy  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        3-carene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        6R7R-bisabolone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        7-2Kt  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-bisabolol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-cadinene  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-guaiene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-muurolene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-patchoulene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-phellandrene  8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-thujene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-turmerone  11.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-zingiberene  5.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-curcumene  4.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-turmerol  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bisabolene  2.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bisabolol  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  9.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-curcumene  4.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-elemene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-eudesmol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-sesquiphellandrene  7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-turmerone  5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        carvone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        caryophyllene oxide  3.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cinnamyl cinnamate  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-beta-ocimene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-carveol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-linalool oxide  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-sesquisabinene hydrate  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curdione  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curzerene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curzerenone  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        decan-2-ol  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta1-hexen-3-ol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-elemene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-alpha-atlantone  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-beta-farnesene  1.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        elemicin  1.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        epi-curzerenone  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  11.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        furanodienone  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geraniol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl butyrate  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl hexanoate  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrene B  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrene D  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        heptan-2-ol  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        hexan-2-ol  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isoborneol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool acetate  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        longifolene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrtenol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  4.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        perilla ketone  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        t-cadinol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        thymol  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        thymol acetate  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-2-menthenol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-beta-ocimene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-nerolidol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-sabinyl acetate  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-sesquisabinene hydrate  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        undecanone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        viridiflorol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        Z3-6OH  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Raina  2002 
 
        11OH  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Lucknow, India  leaf, Roma 
        1-p-tolylethanone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        3-carene  0.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        8Hy  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-cadinene  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-fenchol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-muurolene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-patchoulene  1.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-phellandrene  8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-selinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  26.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-turmerone  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-zingiberene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-curcumene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-turmerol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bisabolene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bisabolol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-elemene  1.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-patchoulene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-sesquiphellandrene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-turmerone  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene hydrate  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  1.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        caprinic acid  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        carvacrol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        carvone  2.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        carvyl acetate  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        caryophyllene oxide  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-beta-elemenone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-beta-ocimene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-carveol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-carvotanacetol  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-linalool oxide  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-sabinol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-sesquisabinene hydrate  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curzerene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curzerenone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-elemene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-beta-farnesene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  9.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-elemene  0.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranial  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geraniol  2.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl acetate  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl formate  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl hexanoate  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrene B  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        humulene epoxide II  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isoborneol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isobornyl acetate  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  1.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool acetate  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool oxide  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool propionate  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        methyl eugenol  1.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  1.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrtenal  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrtenol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        nonan-2-ol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  2.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        perilla ketone  2.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        safrole  2.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        t-cadinol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  7.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        thymol  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        thymol acetate  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-2-menthenol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-beta-ocimene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-nerolidol  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-sabinyl acetate  3.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-sesquisabinene hydrate  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        undecanone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Zwaving  1992 
 
        2-1me5me-4-hexenyl-4me-phenol  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Java, Indonesia  rhizome 
        6S-1Rme5me-hex-4-enyl-3me-2-cyclohexen-1Kt  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-phellandrene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-zingiberene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-curcumene  1.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-turmerol  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bisabolol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-curcumene  2.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-elemene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-farnesene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-sesquiphellandrene  2.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curcuphenol  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        dihydro-ar-turmerone  1.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-alpha-atlantone  2.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrone  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  24.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        turmerol  20 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        turmerone  29.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Jantan  1999 
 
        1-p-tolylethanone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Huh Langat, Selangor, Malaysia  rhizome 
        2-p-tolylpropene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-phellandrene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-turmerone  45.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-zingiberene  2.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-curcumene  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-turmerol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bisabolene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  2.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-phellandrene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-sesquiphellandrene  2.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-turmerone  13.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        carvone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        caryophyllene oxide  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curcuphenol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-alpha-atlantone  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  1.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  14.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool 2me-butyrate  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  1.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-nerolidol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        Z-beta-farnesene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Chane-Ming  2002 
 
        2-p-tolylpropene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Vincendo, Reunion Island  rhizome 
        3-carene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-caryophyllene  1.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-cis-bergamotene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-phellandrene  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  1.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  15.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-turmerone  21.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-zingiberene  11.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-curcumene  4.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-turmerol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bisabolene  1.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  5.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-sesquiphellandrene  8.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-turmerone  7.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curcuphenol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        dihydro-ar-turmerone  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-beta-farnesene  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  7.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-gamma-bisabolene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-nerolidol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Chane-Ming  2002 
 
        1,3,8-p-menthatriene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Plaine des Gregues, Reunion Island  leaf 
        2-carene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        3-carene  1.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-fenchene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-phellandrene  2.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  3.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  76.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-zingiberene  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-curcumene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bisabolene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-sesquiphellandrene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-beta-ocimene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-beta-farnesene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  4.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  1.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymen-8-ol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-beta-ocimene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-nerolidol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        tricyclene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        Z-gamma-atlantone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Chane-Ming  2002 
 
        1,3,8-p-menthatriene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Plaine des Gregues, Reunion Island  flower 
        11-2Kt  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        2-carene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        3-carene  1.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-fenchene  0.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-phellandrene  3.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  4.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  67.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-zingiberene  1.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-curcumene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bisabolene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-sesquiphellandrene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-beta-ocimene  0.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-beta-farnesene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  4.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  0.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl acetate  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  2.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymen-7-ol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymen-8-ol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-beta-ocimene  1.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-nerolidol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        tricyclene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        Z-gamma-atlantone  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Phan  1987 
 
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Vietnam  oil 
        alpha-terpinolene  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-turmerone  30 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-zingiberene  1.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ar-curcumene  1.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bisabolene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-elemene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-sesquiphellandrene  3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-turmerone  10 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        curzerenone  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymen-8-ol  0.15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-ar-turmerone  10 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Dung  1995 
 
        3-carene  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Thua Thien, Hue Province, Vietnam  leaf 
        5-hydroxy-p-menth-6-en-2Kt  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-phellandrene  24.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  3.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  5.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-thujene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  8.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-beta-ocimene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  15.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  1.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  1.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrtenal  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymen-8-ol  1.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  13.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-beta-ocimene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-sabinol  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Reference(s):

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Chen, Y.-H., Yu, J.-G., and Fang, H.J. 1983. Studies on Chinese curcuma. III. Comparison of the volatile oil and phenolic constituents from the rhizome and tuber of Curcuma longa. Zhongyao Tongbao. 81:27-29.
 
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Phan, T.S., Van, N.H., Nguyen, X.D., and Luong, S.B. 1987. Chemical composition of the essential oil from rhizome Curcuma longa Linn. of Vietnam. Tap Chi Duoc Hoc. 25(1):18-21.
 
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Sharma, R.K., Misra, B.P., Sarma, T.C., Bordoloi, A.K., Pathak, M.G., and Leclercq, P.A. 1997. Essential oils of Curcuma longa L. from Bhutan. J. Essent. Oil Res. 9(5):589-592.
 
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