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« Previous SpeciesArtemisia anethoides    Next SpeciesArtemisia arborescens »

Plant Compounds of Artemisia annua , the Annual wormwood

Kingdom:  Plantae
Class:  Magnoliopsida
Order:  Asterales
Family:  Asteraceae
Genus:  Artemisia
Author:  Linnaeus
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Bedoukain RussellIPM

Compounds:

Georgiev  1978 
 
        alpha-pinene  2.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦     oil 
        artemisia alcohol  6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia ketone  18 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  2.55 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  14.15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  2.25 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  10.65 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        estragole  3.75 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  4.75 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  3.45 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  1.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Toleva  1974 
 
        alpha-pinene  10 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦     oil 
        alpha-ylangene  1.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia alcohol  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia ketone  64 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisyl acetate  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        menthol  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-beta-ocimene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Liu  1988 
 
        1me2me3me6me-bicyclo-octa-2,5-diene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   China  oil 
        2me-6-methylene-delta1,7-8-3Kt  0.36 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        3me-3-butenyl 3me-butanoate  0.18 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        3me3me-delta1-4Hy  0.02 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        3me-5Ald  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        4me-E2-6Hy  0.06 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        6OH  0.02 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alloocimene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-copaene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-longipinene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.04 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.11 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia ketone  63.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        benzyl 3me-butanoate  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-cadinene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  1.92 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-phellandrene  0.37 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  1.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cedrenol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-beta-farnesene  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ethyl 2me-butanoate  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  1.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geraniol  0.11 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        hexane  0.12 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        hexylcyclohexane  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        jasmone  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        me-2me-butanoate  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        me-cyclopentane  0.03 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        nootkatone  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.16 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-beta-ocimene  0.31 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        Z3-6OH  0.03 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        Z3-hexenyl propionate  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Woerdenbag  1993 
 
        2me7me-octa-E4,6-dien-2-ol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   China  oil 
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-guaiene  4.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-thujene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        arteannuic acid  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemesia triene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia alcohol  7.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia ketone  63.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  2.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  3.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-chrysanthenol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-sabinene hydrate  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-beta-farnesene  1.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isopinocamphone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  5.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        yomogi alcohol  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Woerdenbag  1993 
 
        2me7me-octa-E4,6-dien-2-ol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   China  extract 
        alpha-guaiene  3.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-myrcene hydroperoxide  1.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-thujene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        arteannuic acid  3.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        arteannuin B  3.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemesia triene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia alcohol  5.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia ketone  49.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisinin  1.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-myrcene hydroperoxide  1.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  4.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-chrysanthenol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-sabinene hydrate  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-beta-farnesene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isopinocamphone  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  2.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        yomogi alcohol  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Holm  1997 
 
        1R-alpha-pinene  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Finland  seed 
        1S-alpha-pinene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        1S-beta-pinene  3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-copaene  3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia ketone  16 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  10 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-farnesene  4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        bicyclogermacrene  1.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  25 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrene D  15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        R-camphene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        S-limonene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Charles  1991 
 
        alloaromadendrene  0.06 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Indiana, USA  flower 
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-copaene  0.31 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-longipinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.24 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.09 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-thujene  0.13 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia alcohol  2.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia ketone  56 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        benzyl 3me-butanoate  0.61 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-cadinene  0.37 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  3.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-cubebene  0.94 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-farnesene  2.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  1.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene hydrate  2.09 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  10.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        caryophyllene oxide  3.26 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  7.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-elemene  0.11 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isoeugenol  0.03 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrtenal  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrtenol  0.14 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-ethylcumene  0.02 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabina ketone  0.23 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  2.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        santolinatriene  0.16 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-sabinol  0.72 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Chalchat  1994 
 
        3me-3-butenyl 3me-butanoate  0.03 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   France  flower 
        alpha-campholenal  0.03 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-guaiene  2.96 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-himachalene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  5.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.18 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-thujene  0.88 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia ketone  51.31 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  1.64 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-cubebene  2.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  1.29 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        bicyclogermacrene  0.23 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        bornylene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        butyl 3me-butanoate  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  1.81 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  4.94 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        carvacrol  0.12 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        caryophyllene oxide  0.36 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cedrol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-sabinene hydrate  0.39 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-cadinene  0.11 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ethyl 2me-butanoate  0.17 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  11.79 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  0.15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrene D  3.18 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        grandlure IV  0.06 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isocaryophyllene oxide  0.36 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.11 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  3.24 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrtenal  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        nootkatone  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.04 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        pinocarvone  0.24 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  2.63 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        santolina alcohol  0.09 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        spathulenol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.19 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        thymol  0.08 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-beta-ocimene  0.11 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-pinocarveol  0.91 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-sabinene hydrate  0.34 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        tricyclene  0.09 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        yomogi alcohol  0.43 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Hethelyi  1995 
 
        alpha-cubebene  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Budaörs, Hungary  flower 
        alpha-pinene  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia alcohol  24 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia ketone  64 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  1.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        yomogi alcohol  3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Thakur  1989 
 
        alpha-myrcene hydroperoxide  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   India  oil 
        alpha-pinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  14.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia ketone  5.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-farnesene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-myrcene hydroperoxide  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  38.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  3.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        fenchone  1.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        iso-artemisia ketone  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isoborneol  9.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  5.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        tricyclene  1.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Jain  2002 
 
        10-epi-gamma-eudesmol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Lucknow, India  oil 
        2,3-dehydro-1,8-cineole  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        7-2Kt  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-bisabolol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-cadinol  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-copaene  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-cubebene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  5.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-thujene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-thujone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia alcohol  3.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia ketone  52.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisyl acetate  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-bourbonene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-elemene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-eudesmol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-phellandrene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-selinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        bicyclogermacrene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        bornyl acetate  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        bornyl isobutyrate  0.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  1.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        caryophyllene oxide  4.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cedrol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-nerolidol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-p-2-menthen-1-ol  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-sabinene hydrate  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cuminaldehyde  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cyclocolorenone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E2-6OH  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-phytol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  8.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrene D  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        humulene epoxide I  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        humulene epoxide II  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isomenthone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        neryl acetate  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        perilla aldehyde  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        pinocarvone  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        santolinatriene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        spathulenol  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        t-cadinol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-2-menthenol  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-carveol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-nerolidol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-sabinene hydrate  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        tricyclene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        verbenone  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        yomogi alcohol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Mucciarelli  1995 
 
        1-epi-cubenol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Piedmont, Italy  oil 
        2,3-dehydro-1,8-cineole  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-bisabolol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-cadinol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-copaene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-fenchene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-phellandrene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  19.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  1.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinolene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-thujene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-thujone  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-trans-bergamotol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia alcohol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia ketone  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisyl acetate  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ascaridole  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  2.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-thujone  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        bisabolol oxide  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        bornyl acetate  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  2.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphenilone  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  15.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        carvacrol  4.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        carvone  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        caryophyllene oxide  7.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        chrysanthenyl acetate  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-chrysanthenyl acetate  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-linalool oxide  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-thujenol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cuminaldehyde  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  23.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-selinene  3.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isopinocamphone  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  1.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrtenal  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrtenol  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        nojigiku alcohol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        pinocarveol  5.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        pinocarvone  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene hydrate  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        spathulenol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-carveol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-linalool oxide  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-nerolidol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-sabinyl acetate  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-verbenol  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        verbenone  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        yomogi alcohol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        Z-beta-damascenone  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        Z-ocimene oxide  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Charles  1991 
 
        6me-delta3,5-7-2Kt  0.71 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Indiana, USA  leaf, 1 
        alloaromadendrene  2.02 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.03 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-copaene  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-longipinene  0.15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.12 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-thujene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia alcohol  1.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia ketone  35.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        benzyl 3me-butanoate  0.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-cadinene  0.18 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-cubebene  4.43 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-farnesene  3.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene hydrate  2.31 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        caryophyllene oxide  1.75 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-sabinene hydrate  0.28 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  28.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-elemene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isoeugenol  0.04 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrtenal  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrtenol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-ethylcumene  0.04 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabina ketone  0.14 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  3.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        santolinatriene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  1.84 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Charles  1991 
 
        6me-delta3,5-7-2Kt  0.94 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Indiana, USA  leaf, 2 
        alloaromadendrene  8.45 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.71 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-copaene  1.55 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-longipinene  0.15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.22 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.08 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-thujene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia alcohol  0.72 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia ketone  26.85 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        benzyl 3me-butanoate  0.36 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-cadinene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  5.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-cubebene  1.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-farnesene  0.84 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  1.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene hydrate  0.14 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  20.48 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        caryophyllene oxide  0.95 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-sabinene hydrate  0.33 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  8.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-elemene  0.66 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isoeugenol  0.11 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrtenal  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrtenol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-ethylcumene  0.33 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabina ketone  0.55 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        santolinatriene  0.04 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.14 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-sabinol  1.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Satar  1986 
 
        3-carene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Mongolia  oil 
        alpha-pinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  4.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  2.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        carvacrol  40 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  1.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        limonene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  2.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  1.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        thymol  40 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Libbey  1989 
 
        alpha-pinene  11.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Oregon, USA  oil 
        artemisia alcohol  5.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia ketone  35.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  1.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  31.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrene D  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  4.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        pinocarvone  1.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  2.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-pinocarveol  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Dung  1990 
 
        alpha-cubebene  0.97 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Vietnam  oil 
        alpha-pinene  0.74 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia alcohol  2.67 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia ketone  4.42 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  6.29 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-cubebene  5.59 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-farnesene  9.59 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.44 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  1.78 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  23.75 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        delta-cadinene  0.63 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  15.44 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        geranyl acetate  1.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        linalool  0.46 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  4.38 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  4.08 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  1.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  2.27 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-1,8-p-menthadien-2-ol  2.91 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-limonene oxide  2.93 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Woerdenbag  1993 
 
        alpha-caryophyllene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Vietnam  oil 
        alpha-copaene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-guaiene  0.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpineol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-thujene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        arteannuic acid  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  5.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-elemene  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  1.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        bornyl acetate  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cadinol  1.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  2.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  21.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        chrysanthenyl acetate  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-chrysanthenol  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-chrysanthenyl acetate  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-sabinene hydrate  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-beta-farnesene  3.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  3.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-elemene  1.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        gamma-terpinene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrene D  18.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        neryl acetate  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        terpinen-4-ol  0.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-sabinene hydrate  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Woerdenbag  1993 
 
        alpha-copaene  1.5 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   Vietnam  extract 
        alpha-guaiene  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-thujene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        arteannuic acid  1.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        arteannuin B  14.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisinin  22.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-caryophyllene  3.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-elemene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cadinol  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  1.7 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  15.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        chrysanthenyl acetate  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-chrysanthenol  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-chrysanthenyl acetate  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cis-sabinene hydrate  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        E-beta-farnesene  1.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  2.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        germacrene D  0.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        myrcene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.4 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        sabinene  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-sabinene hydrate  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Chalchat  1991 
 
        2me-pentan-2-ol  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦   former Yugoslavia  oil 
        3-2Kt  0.03 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        4-penten-2-ol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-pinene  4.13 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-terpinene  0.07 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        alpha-ylangene  6.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        arteannuin B  0.23 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia alcohol  1.88 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisia ketone  44.8 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        artemisyl acetate  0.15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        benzyl 3me-butanoate  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-phellandrene  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        beta-pinene  0.15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        borneol  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        bornyl acetate  0.2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        butyl 3me-butanoate  0.15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphene  2 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        camphor  6.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        carvone  0.33 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        caryophyllene oxide  1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        cuminaldehyde  0.3 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        ethyl 2me-butanoate  0.25 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        eucalyptol  9.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        grandlure IV  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        isopinocamphone  0.05 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        menthol  0.58 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        menthone  0.28 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        methyl chamazulene  0.38 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymen-8-ol  0.15 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        p-cymene  0.58 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        pinocarvone  0.58 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        piperitol  0.35 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        santolinatriene  0.03 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        t-cadinol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-carveol  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-pinocamphone  0.27 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-pinocarveol  1.9 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-sabinene hydrate  0.25 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        trans-verbenol  0.28 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        tricyclene  0.1 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        umbellulol  0.01 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
        verbenone  2.6 ¦Relative ratio of the component¦      
 
Reference(s):

Chalchat, J.-C., Garry, R.-P., and Lamy, J. 1994. Influence of harvest time on yield and composition of Artemisia annua oil produced in France. J. Essent. Oil Res. 6(3):261-268.
 
Chalchat, J.-C., Garry, R.P., Michet, A., and Gorunovic, M. 1991. Essential oils of Artemisia annua from Yugoslavia. Rivista Ital. EPPOS. 471-476.
 
Charles, D.J., Cebert, E., and Simon, J.E. 1991. Characterization of the essential oil of Artemisia annua L. J. Essent. Oil Res. 3(1):33-39.
 
Dung, N.X., Leclercq, P.A., Kiet, D.H., and Tu, N.M. 1990. Chemical composition of Vietnamese Artemisia annua L. essential oil. Tap Chi Duoc Hoc. 2:11-13.
 
Georgiev, E.V., Genov, N.S., Lazarova, R.D., and Gantchev, G.P. 1978. On the distillation of annual wormwood (Artemisia annua L.) Rivista Ital. 60:302-306.
 
Hethelyi, E.B., Cseko, I.B., Grósz,, M., Márk, G., and Palinkás, J.J. 1995. Chemical composition of the Artemisia annua essential oils from Hungary. J. Essent. Oil Res. 7(1):45-48.
 
Holm, Y., Laakso, I., Hiltunen, R., and Galambosi, B. 1997. Variation in the essential oil composition of Artemisia annua L. of different origin cultivated in Finland. Flavour Fragr. J. 12(4):241-246.
 
Jain, N., Srivastava, S.K., Aggarwal, K.K., Kumar, S., and Syamasundar, K.V. 2002. Essential oil composition of Artemisia annua L. 'Asha' from the Plains of Northern India. J. Essent. Oil Res. 14(4):306-307.
 
Libbey, L.M., and Sturtz, G. 1989. Unusual essential oils grown in Oregon. II. Artemisia annua L. J. Essent. Oil Res. 1(5):201-202.
 
Liu, Q., Yang, Z., Sa, G., and Wang, X. 1988. Preliminary analysis of chemical constituents of essential oil from inflorenscence of Artemisia annua L. Zhiwu Xuebao. 30:223-225.
 
Mucciarelli, M., Caramiello, R., Maffei, M., and Chialva, F. 1995. Essential oils from some Artemisia species growing spontaneously in North-West Italy. Flavour Fragr. J. 10(1):25-32.
 
Satar, S. 1986. Chemical characterization of essential oils from Mongolian species of the genus Artemisia L. Pharmazie. 41(11):819-820.
 
Thakur, R.S., and Misra, L.N. 1989. Essential oils of Indian Artemisia. In: Proceedings of 11th International Congress of Essential Oils, Fragrances and Flavours, New-Delhi, India, eds. Bhattacharyya, S.C., Sen, N., and Sethi, K.L. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co., Private. Ltd. 4:127-135.
 
Toleva, P.D. et al. 1974. Investigation on the essential oil of Artemisia annua. 8th International Congress of Essential Oils, San Francisco, USA. 117.
 
Woerdenbag, H.J., Bos, R., Salomons, M.C., Hendriks, H., Pras, N., and Malingré; T.M. 1993. Volatile constituents of Artemisia annua L. (Asteraceae). Flavour Fragr. J. 8(3):131-137.
 
 
Citation: El-Sayed AM 2024. The Pherobase: Database of Pheromones and Semiochemicals. <http://www.pherobase.com>.
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