Title: | Indoor Air Pollution in Cars: An Update on Novel Insights |
Author(s): | Zulauf N; Droge J; Klingelhofer D; Braun M; Oremek GM; Groneberg DA; |
Address: | "Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany. zulauf@med.uni-frankfurt.de. Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany" |
Journal Title: | Int J Environ Res Public Health |
ISSN/ISBN: | 1660-4601 (Electronic) 1661-7827 (Print) 1660-4601 (Linking) |
Abstract: | "From a global viewpoint, a lot of time is spent within the indoor air compartment of vehicles. A German study on mobility has revealed that, on average, people spend 45 minutes per day inside vehicles. In recent years the number of cars has increased to around 43 million vehicles in private households. This means that more than one car can be used in every household. The ratio has been growing, especially in eastern Germany and rural areas. 'Overall and especially outside the cities, the car remains by far number one mode of transport, especially in terms of mileage'. Therefore, numerous international studies have addressed different aspects of indoor air hygiene, in the past years. In this paper, meaningful original studies on car indoor air pollution, related to VOCs, COx, PMs, microbials, BFRs, OPFRs, cigarettes, electronic smoking devices, high molecular weight plasticizer, and NOx are summarized in the form of a review. This present review aimed to summarize recently published studies in this important field of environmental medicine and points to the need for further studies with special recommendations for optimizing the interior air hygiene" |
Keywords: | "Air Pollutants/*analysis Air Pollution, Indoor/*analysis Automobiles/*statistics & numerical data Environmental Monitoring/*methods Flame Retardants/*analysis Germany Humans Plasticizers/*analysis (novel) brominated flame retardants ((N)BFR) air pollution;" |
Notes: | "MedlineZulauf, Nicole Droge, Janis Klingelhofer, Doris Braun, Markus Oremek, Gerhard M Groneberg, David A eng Review Switzerland 2019/07/22 Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jul 9; 16(13):2441. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16132441" |