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J Parasitol

Title:		Cytotoxic Screening and In Vitro Evaluation of Pentadecane Against Leishmania infantum Promastigotes and Amastigotes
Author(s):		Bruno F; Castelli G; Migliazzo A; Piazza M; Galante A; Lo Verde V; Calderone S; Nucatolo G; Vitale F;
Address:		"Centro di Referenza Nazionale per le Leishmaniosi (C.Re.Na.L.), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy"
Journal Title:		J Parasitol
Year:		2015
Volume:		20150831
Issue:		6
Page Number:		701 - 705
DOI:		10.1645/15-736
ISSN/ISBN:		1937-2345 (Electronic) 0022-3395 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Pentadecane is an organic compound that is made up of primarily carbon and hydrogen atoms. Pentadecane is a floral volatile found in many different plants and essential oils and also in crude extracts of some plants, and it shows antimicrobial activity. This study investigated in vitro effects of pentadecane in Leishmania infantum parasites and found that it decreases growth by 86 +/- 2% both in promastigotes (half maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50] = 65.3 muM) and in amastigotes (IC50 = 60.5 muM), resulting in a reduction of macrophage infection; growth inhibition was 77% at 300 muM. Analysis of propidium iodide incorporation in L. infantum , treated with pentadecane at 48 hr, suggested that cells were arresting in the sub-G0/G1 and G1 phases of the cell cycle, whereas cytotoxicity assay of pentadecane in immortalized cells lines DH82 and U937 and in primary epithelial cells of Cercopiteco showed that it caused negligible cytotoxic effect. This study shows that pentadecane has antimicrobial activity against L. infantum parasites in in vitro culture"
Keywords:		Alkanes/*pharmacology/toxicity Animals Cell Line Cercopithecus Epithelial Cells/drug effects Flowers/chemistry G1 Phase/drug effects Humans Inhibitory Concentration 50 Leishmania infantum/cytology/*drug effects/growth & development Macrophages/drug effect;
Notes:		"MedlineBruno, Federica Castelli, Germano Migliazzo, Antonella Piazza, Maria Galante, Antonella Lo Verde, Vincenza Calderone, Simona Nucatolo, Giuseppa Vitale, Fabrizio eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2015/09/01 J Parasitol. 2015 Dec; 101(6):701-5. doi: 10.1645/15-736. Epub 2015 Aug 31"