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Nat Microbiol

Title:		Dimethylsulfoniopropionate biosynthesis in marine bacteria and identification of the key gene in this process
Author(s):		Curson AR; Liu J; Bermejo Martinez A; Green RT; Chan Y; Carrion O; Williams BT; Zhang SH; Yang GP; Bulman Page PC; Zhang XH; Todd JD;
Address:		"School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK. College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China. School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK. Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China. Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China"
Journal Title:		Nat Microbiol
Year:		2017
Volume:		20170213
Issue:
Page Number:		17009 -
DOI:		10.1038/nmicrobiol.2017.9
ISSN/ISBN:		2058-5276 (Electronic) 2058-5276 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) is one of the Earth's most abundant organosulfur molecules, a signalling molecule(1), a key nutrient for marine microorganisms(2,3) and the major precursor for gaseous dimethyl sulfide (DMS). DMS, another infochemical in signalling pathways(4), is important in global sulfur cycling(2) and affects the Earth's albedo, and potentially climate, via sulfate aerosol and cloud condensation nuclei production(5,6). It was thought that only eukaryotes produce significant amounts of DMSP(7-9), but here we demonstrate that many marine heterotrophic bacteria also produce DMSP, probably using the same methionine (Met) transamination pathway as macroalgae and phytoplankton(10). We identify the first DMSP synthesis gene in any organism, dsyB, which encodes the key methyltransferase enzyme of this pathway and is a reliable reporter for bacterial DMSP synthesis in marine Alphaproteobacteria. DMSP production and dsyB transcription are upregulated by increased salinity, nitrogen limitation and lower temperatures in our model DMSP-producing bacterium Labrenzia aggregata LZB033. With significant numbers of dsyB homologues in marine metagenomes, we propose that bacteria probably make a significant contribution to oceanic DMSP production. Furthermore, because DMSP production is not solely associated with obligate phototrophs, the process need not be confined to the photic zones of marine environments and, as such, may have been underestimated"
Keywords:		"Alphaproteobacteria/enzymology/*genetics/*metabolism Carbon-Sulfur Lyases/chemistry/metabolism *Genes, Bacterial Metagenome Methionine/biosynthesis/metabolism Methyltransferases/*genetics/metabolism Oceans and Seas Phylogeny Seawater/chemistry/*microbiolo;"
Notes:		"MedlineCurson, Andrew R J Liu, Ji Bermejo Martinez, Ana Green, Robert T Chan, Yohan Carrion, Ornella Williams, Beth T Zhang, Sheng-Hui Yang, Gui-Peng Bulman Page, Philip C Zhang, Xiao-Hua Todd, Jonathan D eng England 2017/02/14 Nat Microbiol. 2017 Feb 13; 2:17009. doi: 10.1038/nmicrobiol.2017.9"