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J Environ Sci Health B

Title:		Preventive control of odor emissions through manipulation of operational parameters during the active phase of composting
Author(s):		Zhang W; Lau AK; Wen ZS;
Address:		"Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada"
Journal Title:		J Environ Sci Health B
Year:		2009
Volume:		44
Issue:		5
Page Number:		496 - 505
DOI:		10.1080/03601230902935451
ISSN/ISBN:		1532-4109 (Electronic) 0360-1234 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Better understanding of the effects of key operational parameters or environmental factors on odor emission is of critical importance for minimizing the generation of composting odors. A series of laboratory experiments was conducted to examine the effects of various operating conditions on odor emissions. The results revealed that airflow rates that were too high or too low could result in higher total odor emissions. An optimal flowrate for odor control would be approximately 0.6 L/min.kg dry matter with intermittent aeration and a duty cycle of 33%. Temperature setpoint at 60 degrees C appeared to be a turning point for odor emission. Below this point, odor emissions increased with increasing temperature setpoint; conversely, odor emissions decreased with increasing temperature setpoint above this point. With regard to the composting material properties, odor emissions were greatly affected by the initial moisture content of feedstock. Both peak odor concentration and emission rate generally increased with higher initial moisture content. Odor emission was significant only at moisture levels higher than 65%. An initial moisture level below 45% is not recommended due to concern with the resulting lower degree of biodegradation. Biodegradable volatile solids content (BVS) of feedstock had pronounced effect on odor emissions. Peak odor concentration and emission rate increased dramatically as BVS increased from 45% to 65%, thus, total odor emission increased exponentially with BVS"
Keywords:		"Air Movements *Biodegradation, Environmental *Environment Models, Biological Odorants/analysis/*prevention & control Refuse Disposal/*methods Temperature Volatile Organic Compounds Volatilization Water;"
Notes:		"MedlineZhang, Wenxiu Lau, Anthony K Wen, Zhiping S eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2010/02/26 J Environ Sci Health B. 2009 Jun; 44(5):496-505. doi: 10.1080/03601230902935451"