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Eur J Haematol

Title:		Development and validation of the sickle cell stress scale-adult
Author(s):		Smith WR; McClish DK; Bovbjerg VE; Singh HK;
Address:		"Section of Research, Division of General Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA. Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA. College of Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA. Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA"
Journal Title:		Eur J Haematol
Year:		2022
Volume:		20220603
Issue:		3
Page Number:		215 - 225
DOI:		10.1111/ejh.13789
ISSN/ISBN:		1600-0609 (Electronic) 0902-4441 (Print) 0902-4441 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Disease-specific stress can partly explain Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) healthcare utilization. We developed and validated two measures of adult SCD-specific stress for research and clinical care. A large cohort of adults with SCD completed both the 3-item Likert-scale adapted from a previous disease stress measure and a 10-item Likert-scale questionnaire drafted specifically to measure SCD stress. They concurrently completed a psychosocial and health-related quality of life scale battery, then subsequently daily pain diaries. Diaires measured: daily intensity, distress and interference of pain; self-defined vaso-occlusive crises (VOC), opioid use, and types of healthcare utilization for up to 24 weeks. Analyses tested Cronbach's alpha, correlation of the three-item and 10-item stress scales with the concurrent battery, with percentages of pain days, VOC days, opioid use days, and healthcare utilization days, and correlation of baseline stress and 6-month stress for the 10-item scale. Cronbach's alpha was high for both the 3-item (0.73) and 10-item (0.83) SCD stress scales, test-retest correlation of 0.55, expected correlation with the concurrent battery, and correlation with diary-measured healthcare utilization over 6 months. The correlations with the 3-item scale were stronger, but only statistically significant for depression-anxiety. The correlation between the two stress scales was 0.59. Both the 3-item and the 10-item stress scales exhibited good face, construct, concurrent, and predictive validity as well as moderate test-retest reliability. Further scale validation should determine population norms and response to interventions"
Keywords:		"Adult Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use *Anemia, Sickle Cell/complications/diagnosis/therapy Humans Pain/diagnosis/etiology Psychometrics Quality of Life Reproducibility of Results Surveys and Questionnaires *Volatile Organic Compounds assessment coping;"
Notes:		"MedlineSmith, Wally R McClish, Donna K Bovbjerg, Viktor E Singh, Harjot K eng U10 HL083732/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ U54 HL090516/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ R01 HL064122/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ R18 HL112737/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ Pain in Sickle Cell Epidemiology Study, 1 R01 HL 64122, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/ A.D. Williams Faculty Research Grant, Virginia Commonwealth University/ Virginia Basic and Translational Research Program in Sickle Cell Disease. 1U54HL090516, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/ A.D. Williams Student Research Fellowships, Virgin ia Commonwealth University/ Enhancing Use of Hydroxyurea In Sickle Cell Disease Using Patient Navigators/ Clinical Research Training Program, National Institutes of Health/ Sickle Cell Disease Clinical Research Network, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute 1U10HL083732/ Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Generalist Physician Faculty Scholar Award (1993-1997)/ VCU School of Medicine Student Fellowships/ Enhancing Use of Hydroxyurea In Sickle Cell Disease Using Patient Navigators (NCT02197845, 1 R18 HL 112737, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/ England 2022/05/19 Eur J Haematol. 2022 Sep; 109(3):215-225. doi: 10.1111/ejh.13789. Epub 2022 Jun 3"