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Insects

Title:		"The Biology and Control of the Greater Wax Moth, Galleria mellonella"
Author(s):		Kwadha CA; Ong'amo GO; Ndegwa PN; Raina SK; Fombong AT;
Address:		"International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. ckwadha@gmail.com. School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. ckwadha@gmail.com. School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. sraina@icipe.org. School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. fayuka@icipe.org. International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. gongamo@uonbi.ac.ke. International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. pndegwa@uonbi.ac.ke"
Journal Title:		Insects
Year:		2017
Volume:		20170609
Issue:		2
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/insects8020061
ISSN/ISBN:		2075-4450 (Print) 2075-4450 (Electronic) 2075-4450 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella Linnaeus, is a ubiquitous pest of the honeybee, Apis mellifera Linnaeus, and Apis cerana Fabricius. The greater wax moth larvae burrow into the edge of unsealed cells with pollen, bee brood, and honey through to the midrib of honeybee comb. Burrowing larvae leave behind masses of webs which causes galleriasis and later absconding of colonies. The damage caused by G. mellonella larvae is severe in tropical and sub-tropical regions, and is believed to be one of the contributing factors to the decline in both feral and wild honeybee populations. Previously, the pest was considered a nuisance in honeybee colonies, therefore, most studies have focused on the pest as a model for in vivo studies of toxicology and pathogenicity. It is currently widespread, especially in Africa, and the potential of transmitting honeybee viruses has raised legitimate concern, thus, there is need for more studies to find sustainable integrated management strategies. However, our knowledge of this pest is limited. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge on the biology, distribution, economic damage, and management options. In addition, we provide prospects that need consideration for better understanding and management of the pest"
Keywords:		Galleria mellonella honeybees management pests semiochemicals;
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINEKwadha, Charles A Ong'amo, George O Ndegwa, Paul N Raina, Suresh K Fombong, Ayuka T eng Review Switzerland 2017/06/10 Insects. 2017 Jun 9; 8(2):61. doi: 10.3390/insects8020061"