| Title: | Significant reduction in air pollutant emissions from household cooking stoves by replacing raw solid fuels with their carbonized products |
| Author(s): | Li Q; Qi J; Jiang J; Wu J; Duan L; Wang S; Hao J; |
| Address: | "State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China; School of Chemical Engineering, Xuzhou Vocational College of Industrial Technology, Xuzhou 221140, China. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China. Electronic address: jiangjk@tsinghua.edu.cn. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China. Electronic address: jjuw@163.com. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre for Regional Environmental Quality, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.020 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1879-1026 (Electronic) 0048-9697 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Residential solid fuel combustion contributes significantly to ambient and indoor air pollutions. An appropriate clean solid fuel to reduce residential emissions is urgently needed. This study evaluates the reduction in pollutant emissions achieved by carbonized solid fuels in residential cooking practice. Four biochar samples, three semi-coke briquette samples and their raw materials were tested in a typical cooking stove. These carbonized samples showed higher thermal efficiencies and lower particulate matter (PM) emission factors (EFs) than their raw material samples. Owing to distilled volatile matter during carbonization treatment, average energy delivered-based PM(2.5) EFs were 10?ª++/-?ª+5?ª+mg/kJ (carbonized) and 50?ª++/-?ª+28?ª+mg/kJ (raw) for the biomass and 0.33?ª++/-?ª+0.04?ª+mg/kJ (carbonized) and 3.0?ª++/-?ª+1.3?ª+mg/kJ (raw) for the coal samples. The energy delivered-based EFs of organic carbon, elemental carbon, and 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons extracted from PM(2.5) samples from carbonized fuels were reduced by 97?ª++/-?ª+1%, 93?ª++/-?ª+3%, and 97?ª++/-?ª+2%, respectively, for the tested biomass samples, and those for the tested coal samples were 96?ª++/-?ª+1%, 90?ª++/-?ª+6%, and 98?ª++/-?ª+2%, respectively. Average EFs of benzo[a]pyrene equivalent carcinogenic potency for individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were reduced 95?ª++/-?ª+3% to ~0.51?ª+mug/kJ (carbonized) from ~19.6?ª+mug/kJ (raw). Furthermore, the average ratio of volatile organic compounds contained in PM(2.5) samples was also reduced from 38.8?ª++/-?ª+5.4% to 7.1?ª++/-?ª+3.9%. These results suggest that carbonized solid fuels exhibit better performance in reducing carcinogenic potency and pollutants, most of which are highly correlated with the volatile matter content of the fuel. Switching from raw solid fuel to carbonized solid fuel will help to reduce pollutant emissions from household combustion and achieve both environmental benefits and health benefits for household residents" |
| Keywords: | "Air Pollutants/*analysis Air Pollution, Indoor/analysis/*prevention & control Biomass Carbon/*chemistry Coal Cooking/*instrumentation *Energy-Generating Resources Particle Size Particulate Matter/analysis Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/analysis Volatile;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineLi, Qing Qi, Juan Jiang, Jingkun Wu, Jianjun Duan, Lei Wang, Shuxiao Hao, Jiming eng Netherlands 2018/09/14 Sci Total Environ. 2019 Feb 10; 650(Pt 1):653-660. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.020. Epub 2018 Sep 4" |
