| Title: | The potential of gut microbiota and fecal volatile organic compounds analysis as early diagnostic biomarker for necrotizing enterocolitis and sepsis in preterm infants |
| Author(s): | Berkhout DJC; Niemarkt HJ; de Boer NKH; Benninga MA; de Meij TGJ; |
| Address: | "a Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology , Emma Children's Hospital/Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam , the Netherlands. b Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , the Netherlands. c Neonatal Intensive Care Unit , Maxima Medical Center , Veldhoven , the Netherlands. d Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , the Netherlands" |
| Journal Title: | Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| DOI: | 10.1080/17474124.2018.1446826 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1747-4132 (Electronic) 1747-4124 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Although the exact pathophysiological mechanisms of both necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and late-onset sepsis (LOS) in preterm infants are yet to be elucidated, evidence is emerging that the gut microbiota plays a key role in their pathophysiology. Areas covered: In this review, initial microbial colonization and factors influencing microbiota composition are discussed. For both NEC and LOS, an overview of studies investigating preclinical alterations in gut microbiota composition and fecal volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is provided. Fecal VOCs are considered to reflect not only gut microbiota composition, but also their metabolic activity and concurrent interaction with the host. Expert review: Heterogeneity in study protocols and applied analytical techniques hampers reliable comparison between outcomes of different microbiota studies, limiting the ability to draw firm conclusions. This dilemma is illustrated by the finding that study results often cannot be reproduced, or even contradict each other. A NEC- and sepsis specific microbial or metabolic signature has not yet been discovered. Identification of 'disease-specific' VOCs and microbiota composition may increase understanding on pathophysiological mechanisms and may allow for development of an accurate screening tool, opening avenues towards timely identification and initiation of targeted treatment for preterm infants at increased risk for NEC and sepsis" |
| Keywords: | "Bacteria/*isolation & purification Biomarkers/metabolism Early Diagnosis Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/*diagnosis/metabolism/microbiology/therapy Feces/*chemistry/*microbiology *Gastrointestinal Microbiome Gestational Age Humans Infant, Newborn *Infant, Prem;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineBerkhout, Daniel Johannes Cornelis Niemarkt, Hendrik Johannes de Boer, Nanne Klaas Hendrik Benninga, Marc Alexander de Meij, Timotheus Gualtherus Jacob eng Review England 2018/03/01 Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018 May; 12(5):457-470. doi: 10.1080/17474124.2018.1446826. Epub 2018 Mar 6" |
