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Am J Epidemiol

Title:		"A case-control study of long-term exposure to ambient volatile organic compounds and lung cancer in Toronto, Ontario, Canada"
Author(s):		Villeneuve PJ; Jerrett M; Brenner D; Su J; Chen H; McLaughlin JR;
Address:
Journal Title:		Am J Epidemiol
Year:		2014
Volume:		20131127
Issue:		4
Page Number:		443 - 451
DOI:		10.1093/aje/kwt289
ISSN/ISBN:		1476-6256 (Electronic) 0002-9262 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Few studies have investigated associations between nonoccupational exposure to ambient volatile organic compounds and lung cancer. We conducted a case-control study of 445 incident lung cancers and 948 controls (523 hospital, 425 general population) in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, between 1997 and 2002. Participants provided information on several risk factors, including tobacco use, secondhand exposure to cigarette smoke, obesity, and family history of cancer. Exposure to benzene, hydrocarbons, and nitrogen dioxide was estimated using land-use regression models. Exposures were linked to residential addresses to estimate exposure at the time of interview, 10 years before interview, and across past residences (time-weighted average). Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios. Analyses involving the population-based controls found that an interquartile-range increase in the time-weighted average benzene concentration (0.15 microg/m(3)) across previous residences was associated with lung cancer (odds ratio = 1.84, 95% confidence interval: 1.26, 2.68). Similarly, an interquartile-range increase in the time-weighted average nitrogen dioxide concentration (4.8 ppb) yielded an odds ratio of 1.59 (95% confidence interval: 1.19, 2.12). Our study suggests that long-term exposure to ambient volatile organic compounds and nitrogen dioxide at relatively low concentrations is associated with lung cancer. Further work is needed to evaluate joint relationships between these pollutants, smoking, and lung cancer"
Keywords:		"Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Benzene/*adverse effects Case-Control Studies Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects Female Humans Lung Neoplasms/chemically induced/*epidemiology Male Middle Aged Nitrogen Dioxide/*adverse effects Ontario/epidemiology Tobacc;"
Notes:		"MedlineVilleneuve, Paul J Jerrett, Michael Brenner, Darren Su, Jason Chen, Hong McLaughlin, John R eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2013/11/30 Am J Epidemiol. 2014 Feb 15; 179(4):443-51. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwt289. Epub 2013 Nov 27"