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Microorganisms

Title:		"Assessment of Tunisian Trichoderma Isolates on Wheat Seed Germination, Seedling Growth and Fusarium Seedling Blight Suppression"
Author(s):		Saadaoui M; Faize M; Bonhomme L; Benyoussef NO; Kharrat M; Chaar H; Label P; Venisse JS;
Address:		"Universite Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, PIAF, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France. Universite de Tunis El Manar, Campus Universitaire Farhat Hached, B.P. n degrees 94-ROMMANA, Tunis 1068, Tunisia. Field Crops Laboratory, National Institute for Agricultural Research of Tunisia (INRAT), Hedi Karray Street, El Menzah, Ariana 1004, Tunisia. Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization URL-CNRST 10, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida 24000, Morocco. UMR 1095 Genetique Diversite Ecophysiologie des Cereales, INRAE, Universite Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France. National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia (INAT), Tunis 1082, Tunisia"
Journal Title:		Microorganisms
Year:		2023
Volume:		20230606
Issue:		6
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/microorganisms11061512
ISSN/ISBN:		2076-2607 (Print) 2076-2607 (Electronic) 2076-2607 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Beneficial microorganisms, including members of the Trichoderma genus, are known for their ability to promote plant growth and disease resistance, as well as being alternatives to synthetic inputs in agriculture. In this study, 111 Trichoderma strains were isolated from the rhizospheric soil of Florence Aurore, an ancient wheat variety that was cultivated in an organic farming system in Tunisia. A preliminary ITS analysis allowed us to cluster these 111 isolates into three main groups, T. harzianum (74 isolates), T. lixii (16 isolates) and T. sp. (21 isolates), represented by six different species. Their multi-locus analysis (tef1, translation elongation factor 1; rpb2, RNA polymerase B) identified three T. afroharzianum, one T. lixii, one T. atrobrunneum and one T. lentinulae species. These six new strains were selected to determine their suitability as plant growth promoters (PGP) and biocontrol agents (BCA) against Fusarium seedling blight disease (FSB) in wheat caused by Fusarium culmorum. All of the strains exhibited PGP abilities correlated to ammonia and indole-like compound production. In terms of biocontrol activity, all of the strains inhibited the development of F. culmorum in vitro, which is linked to the production of lytic enzymes, as well as diffusible and volatile organic compounds. An in planta assay was carried out on the seeds of a Tunisian modern wheat variety (Khiar) by coating them with Trichoderma. A significant increase in biomass was observed, which is associated with increased chlorophyll and nitrogen. An FSB bioprotective effect was confirmed for all strains (with Th01 being the most effective) by suppressing morbid symptoms in germinated seeds and seedlings, as well as by limiting F. culmorum aggressiveness on overall plant growth. Plant transcriptome analysis revealed that the isolates triggered several SA- and JA-dependent defense-encoding genes involved in F. culmorum resistance in the roots and leaves of three-week-old seedlings. This finding makes these strains very promising in promoting growth and controlling FSB disease in modern wheat varieties"
Keywords:		Fusarium culmorum VOCs biocontrol biofertilizer biostimulation phytohormones plant defenses;
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINESaadaoui, Mouadh Faize, Mohamed Bonhomme, Ludovic Benyoussef, Noura Omri Kharrat, Mohamed Chaar, Hatem Label, Philippe Venisse, Jean-Stephane eng Pack Ambition International 2019 (ANR grant n degrees P010O003) ; I-SITE CAP 20-25 Emergence 2017 (ANR grant 16-IDEX-0001)/University of Clermont Auvergne/ Switzerland 2023/06/28 Microorganisms. 2023 Jun 6; 11(6):1512. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11061512"