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Insects

Title:		"Electrophysiological and Alarm Responses of Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) to 2-Ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine (Short Title: EAG and Behavioral Responses of Fire Ants to Pyrazine)"
Author(s):		Li YY; Liu D; Chen L;
Address:		"College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China. State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas (Northwest A & F University), Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China"
Journal Title:		Insects
Year:		2019
Volume:		20191213
Issue:		12
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/insects10120451
ISSN/ISBN:		2075-4450 (Print) 2075-4450 (Electronic) 2075-4450 (Linking)
Abstract:		"2-Ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine is an isomer of 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine, the alarm pheromone component of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren. The pyrazine was synthesized and its alarm activity was investigated under laboratory conditions. It elicited significant electroantennogram (EAG) activities, and released characteristic alarm behaviors in fire ant workers. The EAG and alarm responses were both dose-dependent. Two doses of the pyrazine, 1 and 100 ng, were further subjected to bait discovery bioassays. Fire ant workers excited by the pyrazine were attracted to food baits, and their numbers increased over time. Ants displayed very similar response patterns to both low and high doses of the pyrazine. The pyrazine impregnated onto filter paper disc attracted significantly more fire ant workers than the hexane control for all observation time intervals at the low dose, and in the first 15 min period at the high dose. The pyrazine loaded onto food bait directly tended to attract more fire ant workers than the hexane control. These results support the potential use of 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine to enhance bait attractiveness for the control of S. invicta in invaded regions"
Keywords:		alarm pheromone antennal response bioassay myrmecology red imported fire ant social behavior;
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINELi, Ya-Ya Liu, Deguang Chen, Li eng 31572315, 31772540/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ Switzerland 2019/12/19 Insects. 2019 Dec 13; 10(12):451. doi: 10.3390/insects10120451"