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« Previous SpeciesBattus polydamas    Next SpeciesBattus polystictus »

Semiochemicals of Battus polydamas, the Polydamas swallowtail

Phylum:  Arthropoda
Subphylum:  Uniramia
Class:  Insecta
Order:  Lepidoptera
Family:  Papilionidae
Subfamily:  Papilioninae
Genus:  Battus
Tribe:  Troidini
Author:  Linnaeus
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Bedoukain RussellIPM

Semiochemical(s):

  Klitzke CF  2000b  Chemoecology  10: 99   
    aristolochic acid I    �Relative ratio of the component�   �(*) indicates that compound is active�   Al
�Category of the chemical signal
A -   Attractant
Al -   Allomone
K -   Kairomone
P -   Pheromone
Sy -   Synomone�
  
�Source of the chemical signal
F -   Female
H -   Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -   Lure
M -   Male
M&F -   Male and Female
S -   Solider
Q -   Queen
W -   Worker�
  
�Amount
pg -   Picogram
ng -   Nanogram
�g -   Microgram
mg -   Milligram
g -   Gram�
   		Defense substance 
    aristolochic acid II    �Relative ratio of the component�   �(*) indicates that compound is active�    
�Source of the chemical signal
F -   Female
H -   Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -   Lure
M -   Male
M&F -   Male and Female
S -   Solider
Q -   Queen
W -   Worker�
  
�Amount
pg -   Picogram
ng -   Nanogram
�g -   Microgram
mg -   Milligram
g -   Gram�
   		 
 
  Moore BP  1990  Chemoecology  1: 43   
    2-sec-butyl-3-methoxypyrazine    �Relative ratio of the component�   �(*) indicates that compound is active�   Al
�Category of the chemical signal
A -   Attractant
Al -   Allomone
K -   Kairomone
P -   Pheromone
Sy -   Synomone�
  
�Source of the chemical signal
F -   Female
H -   Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -   Lure
M -   Male
M&F -   Male and Female
S -   Solider
Q -   Queen
W -   Worker�
  
�Amount
pg -   Picogram
ng -   Nanogram
�g -   Microgram
mg -   Milligram
g -   Gram�
   		Defense substance 
    2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine    �Relative ratio of the component�   �(*) indicates that compound is active�    
�Source of the chemical signal
F -   Female
H -   Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -   Lure
M -   Male
M&F -   Male and Female
S -   Solider
Q -   Queen
W -   Worker�
  
�Amount
pg -   Picogram
ng -   Nanogram
�g -   Microgram
mg -   Milligram
g -   Gram�
   		 
 
  Urzua A  1985  Biochem. Syst. Ecol.  15: 687   
    aristolochic acid I    �Relative ratio of the component�   �(*) indicates that compound is active�   Al
�Category of the chemical signal
A -   Attractant
Al -   Allomone
K -   Kairomone
P -   Pheromone
Sy -   Synomone�
  
�Source of the chemical signal
F -   Female
H -   Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -   Lure
M -   Male
M&F -   Male and Female
S -   Solider
Q -   Queen
W -   Worker�
  
�Amount
pg -   Picogram
ng -   Nanogram
�g -   Microgram
mg -   Milligram
g -   Gram�
   		Defense substance 
    aristolochic acid II    �Relative ratio of the component�   �(*) indicates that compound is active�    
�Source of the chemical signal
F -   Female
H -   Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -   Lure
M -   Male
M&F -   Male and Female
S -   Solider
Q -   Queen
W -   Worker�
  
�Amount
pg -   Picogram
ng -   Nanogram
�g -   Microgram
mg -   Milligram
g -   Gram�
   		 
    aristolochic acid IVa    �Relative ratio of the component�   �(*) indicates that compound is active�    
�Source of the chemical signal
F -   Female
H -   Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -   Lure
M -   Male
M&F -   Male and Female
S -   Solider
Q -   Queen
W -   Worker�
  
�Amount
pg -   Picogram
ng -   Nanogram
�g -   Microgram
mg -   Milligram
g -   Gram�
   		 
    aristolochic acid IIIa    �Relative ratio of the component�   �(*) indicates that compound is active�    
�Source of the chemical signal
F -   Female
H -   Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -   Lure
M -   Male
M&F -   Male and Female
S -   Solider
Q -   Queen
W -   Worker�
  
�Amount
pg -   Picogram
ng -   Nanogram
�g -   Microgram
mg -   Milligram
g -   Gram�
   		 
 
  Eisner T  1971a  J. Insect Physiol.  17: 245   
    beta-selinene    �Relative ratio of the component�   �(*) indicates that compound is active�   Al
�Category of the chemical signal
A -   Attractant
Al -   Allomone
K -   Kairomone
P -   Pheromone
Sy -   Synomone�
  
�Source of the chemical signal
F -   Female
H -   Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -   Lure
M -   Male
M&F -   Male and Female
S -   Solider
Q -   Queen
W -   Worker�
  
�Amount
pg -   Picogram
ng -   Nanogram
�g -   Microgram
mg -   Milligram
g -   Gram�
   		Defense substance 
    kongol    �Relative ratio of the component�   �(*) indicates that compound is active�    
�Source of the chemical signal
F -   Female
H -   Host (could be of plant or animal origin)
L -   Lure
M -   Male
M&F -   Male and Female
S -   Solider
Q -   Queen
W -   Worker�
  
�Amount
pg -   Picogram
ng -   Nanogram
�g -   Microgram
mg -   Milligram
g -   Gram�
   		 
 

Reference(s):

Klitzke, C.F., and Brown Jr., K.S. 2000b. The occurrence of aristolochic acids in neotropical troidine swallowtails (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Chemoecology. 10:99-102.
 
Moore, B.P., Brown, W.V., and Rothschild, M. 1990. Methylalkylpyrazines in aposematic insects, their hostplants and mimics. Chemoecology. 1:43-51.
 
Urz�a, A., and Priestap, H. 1985. Aristolochic acids from Battus polydamas. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 15:687-689.
 
Eisner, T., Kluge, A.F., Ikeda, M.I., Meinwald, Y.C., and Meinwald, J. 1971a. Sesquiterpenes in the osmeterial secretion of a papilionid butterfly, Battus polydamas. J. Insect Physiol. 17:245-250.
 
 
Citation: El-Sayed AM 2025. The Pherobase: Database of Pheromones and Semiochemicals. <http://www.pherobase.com>.
Ⓒ 2003-2025 The Pherobase - Extensive Database of Pheromones and Semiochemicals. Ashraf M. El-Sayed.
Page created on 19-January-2025