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Pest Manag Sci

Title:		Effects of reservoir dispenser height on efficacy of mating disruption of codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in apple
Author(s):		Epstein DL; Stelinski LL; Miller JR; Grieshop MJ; Gut LJ;
Address:		"Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA. epstei10@msu.edu"
Journal Title:		Pest Manag Sci
Year:		2011
Volume:		20110324
Issue:		8
Page Number:		975 - 979
DOI:		10.1002/ps.2141
ISSN/ISBN:		1526-4998 (Electronic) 1526-498X (Linking)
Abstract:		"BACKGROUND: The effect of varying the height of reservoir dispensers for mating disruption of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), was investigated. The goal was to improve the effectiveness of C. pomonella mating disruption through improved understanding of adult distribution within the tree canopy and the impact of pheromone dispenser placement on disruption. Two dispensers per tree were placed at 2 m and 4 m and/or one dispenser at each height on the tree at a label rate of 1000 units ha(-1) . Monitoring traps and tethered female moths were deployed in plots at 2 and 4 m heights to assess treatment effects by catches or matings respectively. RESULTS: Fewest male moths were captured with all dispensers placed at 4 m. Female mating was lowest, and with least variation between females tethered at 2 and 4 m, when dispensers were placed simultaneously at 2 and 4 m (28% mated). Mating was 32% with both dispensers at 4 m, 38% with both dispensers at 2 m and 46% in the no disruption control. Mating was highest across treatments when females were tethered at 2 m and dispensers placed at 4 m (40%), and when females were tethered at 4 m with dispensers placed at 2 m (46%). CONCLUSION: Traps at 4 m in trees captured more male moths than traps at 2 m, regardless of disruption dispenser positioning. Female mating was lowest when dispensers were placed simultaneously at 2 and 4 m, suggesting that current recommendations for placement of reservoir dispensers in tree crowns may be suboptimal"
Keywords:		"Animals Female Male Malus/*parasitology *Moths Pest Control, Biological/*methods Sex Attractants/*administration & dosage Sexual Behavior, Animal/*drug effects Trees;"
Notes:		"MedlineEpstein, David L Stelinski, Lukasz L Miller, James R Grieshop, Matthew J Gut, Larry J eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2011/03/26 Pest Manag Sci. 2011 Aug; 67(8):975-9. doi: 10.1002/ps.2141. Epub 2011 Mar 24"