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Environ Sci Technol

Title:		Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Humans Indoors
Author(s):		Tang X; Misztal PK; Nazaroff WW; Goldstein AH;
Address:		"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720-1710 United States. Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720-3114 United States"
Journal Title:		Environ Sci Technol
Year:		2016
Volume:		20161123
Issue:		23
Page Number:		12686 - 12694
DOI:		10.1021/acs.est.6b04415
ISSN/ISBN:		1520-5851 (Electronic) 0013-936X (Linking)
Abstract:		"Research on the sources of indoor airborne chemicals has traditionally focused on outdoor air, building materials, furnishings, and activities such as smoking, cooking, and cleaning. Relatively little research has examined the direct role of occupant emissions, even though this source clearly contributes to indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and influences indoor chemistry. In this work, we quantify occupant-related gaseous VOC emissions in a university classroom using a proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Time-resolved concentrations of VOCs in room air and supply air were measured continuously during occupied and unoccupied periods. The emission factor for each human-emitted VOC was determined by dividing the occupant-associated source rate by the corresponding occupancy. Among the most abundant species detected were compounds associated with personal care products. Also prominent were human metabolic emissions, such as isoprene, methanol, acetone, and acetic acid. Additional sources included human skin oil oxidation by ozone, producing compounds such as 4-oxopentanal (4-OPA) and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (6-MHO). By mass, human-emitted VOCs were the dominant source (57%) during occupied periods in a well-ventilated classroom, with ventilation supply air the second most important (35%), and indoor nonoccupant emissions the least (8%). The total occupant-associated VOC emission factor was 6.3 mg h(-1) per person"
Keywords:		"Air Pollutants *Air Pollution, Indoor Environmental Monitoring Ozone/chemistry Ventilation *Volatile Organic Compounds;"
Notes:		"MedlineTang, Xiaochen Misztal, Pawel K Nazaroff, William W Goldstein, Allen H eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2016/12/10 Environ Sci Technol. 2016 Dec 6; 50(23):12686-12694. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.6b04415. Epub 2016 Nov 23"