| Title: | Pig pheromones and behaviors: A review |
| Author(s): | Sankarganesh D; Kirkwood R; Angayarkanni J; Achiraman S; Archunan G; |
| Address: | "Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamilnadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, 626126, Tamilnadu, India. Electronic address: devarajsankarganesh@gmail.com. School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA, 5371, Australia. Electronic address: roy.kirkwood@adelaide.edu.au. Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamilnadu, India. Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamilnadu, India. Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamilnadu, India" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.08.032 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1879-3231 (Electronic) 0093-691X (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Chemical signals play indispensable roles in the communication and social behavior of many organisms. Pheromones are a class of chemical signals identified initially in insects. Later, it became evident that diverse animals secrete pheromones in their body exudates and from exocrine glands and use them for social communication. The pig is a vital food animal in which steroid pheromones have been identified and their behavioral effects known since the 1960s. More recently, non-steroidal pheromones have been identified. To date, studies have reported various pheromone sources in boars (saliva, urine, and glandular secretions) and sows (urine, mammary gland secretions, and feces) and pheromone-mediated behavioral consequences are evidenced. These include the boar effect on puberty onset and subsequent estrous behaviors as well as agonistic and avoidance behaviors. Recent research has facilitated the development and evaluation of pheromone-based applications and products to improve the welfare and reproductive performance of pigs. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of pig pheromones, and their implications in behaviors" |
| Keywords: | Animals *Estrus Exocrine Glands Female Male *Pheromones Reproduction Social Behavior Swine Agonistic Alarm Behavior Pheromones Pigs; |
| Notes: | "MedlineSankarganesh, Devaraj Kirkwood, Roy Angayarkanni, Jayaraman Achiraman, Shanmugam Archunan, Govindaraju eng Review 2021/09/05 Theriogenology. 2021 Nov; 175:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.08.032. Epub 2021 Aug 27" |
