| Title: | Physiological variability in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath and released from faeces due to nutrition and somatic growth in a standardized caprine animal model |
| Author(s): | Fischer S; Trefz P; Bergmann A; Steffens M; Ziller M; Miekisch W; Schubert JS; Kohler H; Reinhold P; |
| Address: | "Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis at 'Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut' (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health), Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany" |
| DOI: | 10.1088/1752-7155/9/2/027108 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1752-7163 (Electronic) 1752-7155 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Physiological effects may change volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations and may therefore act as confounding factors in the definition of VOCs as disease biomarkers. To evaluate the extent of physiological background variability, this study assessed the effects of feed composition and somatic growth on VOC patterns in a standardized large animal model. Fifteen clinically healthy goats were followed during their first year of life. VOCs present in the headspace over faeces, exhaled breath and ambient air inside the stable were repeatedly assessed in parallel with the concentrations of glucose, protein, and albumin in venous blood. VOCs were collected and analysed using solid-phase or needle-trap microextraction and gas chromatograpy together with mass spectroscopy. The concentrations of VOCs in exhaled breath and above faeces varied significantly with increasing age of the animals. The largest variations in volatiles detected in the headspace over faeces occurred with the change from milk feeding to plant-based diet. VOCs above faeces and in exhaled breath correlated significantly with blood components. Among VOCs exhaled, the strongest correlations were found between exhaled nonanal concentrations and blood concentrations of glucose and albumin. Results stress the importance of a profound knowledge of the physiological backgrounds of VOC composition before defining reliable and accurate marker sets for diagnostic purposes" |
| Keywords: | "*Animal Feed Animals Biomarkers Blood Glucose Blood Proteins Breath Tests/methods Diet Feces/*chemistry Female Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Goats/growth & development Male Models, Animal Serum Albumin Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis/*metabolis;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineFischer, Sina Trefz, Phillip Bergmann, Andreas Steffens, Markus Ziller, Mario Miekisch, Wolfram Schubert, Jochen S Kohler, Heike Reinhold, Petra eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2015/05/15 J Breath Res. 2015 May 14; 9(2):027108. doi: 10.1088/1752-7155/9/2/027108" |
