| Title: | Incorporating Bioaccessibility into Inhalation Exposure Assessment of Emamectin Benzoate from Field Spraying |
| Author(s): | Xiao J; Liu Y; Jiang S; Wang H; Liu Y; Lin F; Liu T; Fang K; Liao M; Shi Y; Cao H; |
| Address: | "School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China. Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China. School of Resource & Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1520-5851 (Electronic) 0013-936X (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "The inhalation exposure of pesticide applicators and residents who live close to pesticide-treated fields is a worldwide concern in public health. Quantitative assessment of exposure to pesticide inhalation health risk highlights the need to accurately assess the bioaccessibility rather than the total content in ambient air. Herein, we developed an in vitro method to estimate the inhalation bioaccessibility of emamectin benzoate and validated its applicability using a rat plasma pharmacokinetic bioassay. Emamectin benzoate was extracted using the Gamble solution, with an optimized solid-to-liquid ratio (1/250), extraction time (24 h), and agitation (200 rpm), which obtained in vitro inhalation bioaccessibility consistent with its inhalation bioavailability in vivo (32.33%). The margin of exposure (MOE) was used to assess inhalation exposure risk. The inhalation unit exposures to emamectin benzoate of applicators and residents were 11.05-28.04 and 0.02-0.04 ng/m(3), respectively, varying markedly according to the methods of application, e.g., formulations and nozzles. The inhalation risk assessment using present application methods appeared to be acceptable; however, the MOE of emamectin benzoate might be overestimated by 32% without considering inhalation bioaccessibility. Collectively, our findings contribute insights into the assessment of pesticide inhalation exposure based on bioaccessibility and provide guidance for the safe application of pesticides" |
| Keywords: | Animals Rats Inhalation Exposure Ivermectin/analysis *Pesticides *Pesticide Residues/analysis bioaccessibility bioavailability emamectin benzoate margin of exposure (MOE); |
| Notes: | "MedlineXiao, Jinjing Liu, Yuanhui Jiang, Siyuan Wang, Han Liu, Yuying Lin, Fengxiang Liu, Tianhe Fang, Ke Liao, Min Shi, Yanhong Cao, Haiqun eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2023/05/10 Environ Sci Technol. 2023 May 30; 57(21):7978-7988. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02241. Epub 2023 May 10" |
