| Title: | "Herbivore-Induced Volatiles from Maize Plants Attract Chelonus insularis, an Egg-Larval Parasitoid of the Fall Armyworm" |
| Author(s): | Ortiz-Carreon FR; Rojas JC; Cisneros J; Malo EA; |
| Address: | "Grupo de Ecologia de Artropodos y Manejo de Plagas, Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2.5, 30700, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico. Grupo de Ecologia de Artropodos y Manejo de Plagas, Departamento de Agricultura, Sociedad y Ambiente, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2.5, 30700, Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico. emr@ecosur.mx" |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10886-019-01051-x |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1573-1561 (Electronic) 0098-0331 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Chelonus insularis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is an egg-larval endoparasitoid that attacks several lepidopteran species, including the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, as one of its main hosts. In this study, we identified the volatiles emitted by maize plants undamaged and damaged by S. frugiperda larvae that were attractive to virgin C. insularis females. In a Y-glass tube olfactometer, parasitoid females were more attracted to activated charcoal extracts than Porapak Q maize extracts. Chemical analysis of activated charcoal extracts from maize plants damaged by S. frugiperda larvae by gas chromatography coupled with electroantennography (GC-EAD) showed that the antennae of virgin female wasps consistently responded to three compounds, identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as alpha-pinene, alpha-longipinene and alpha-copaene. These compounds are constitutively released by maize plants but induction via herbivory affects their emissions. alpha-Longipinene and alpha-copaene were more abundant in damaged maize plants than in healthy ones, whereas alpha-pinene was produced in higher amounts in healthy maize plants than in damaged ones. Female parasitoids were not attracted to EAD-active compounds when evaluated singly; however, they were attracted to the binary blend alpha-pinene + alpha-copaene, which was the most attractive blend, even more attractive than the tertiary blend (alpha-pinene + alpha-longipinene + alpha-copaene) and the damaged maize plant extracts. We conclude that C. insularis is attracted to a blend of herbivore-induced volatiles emitted by maize plants" |
| Keywords: | Animals Female Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry *Herbivory Hymenoptera/*pathogenicity Spodoptera/*parasitology Volatile Organic Compounds/*metabolism Zea mays/*metabolism Chemical cues Olfaction Parasitoids Plant volatiles Tritrophic interaction; |
| Notes: | "MedlineOrtiz-Carreon, Fabian R Rojas, Julio C Cisneros, Juan Malo, Edi A eng El Colegio de la Frontera Sur/Centro de Investigaciones Biol?gicas del Noroeste/ El Colegio de la Frontera Sur/Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog?a/ 2019/02/13 J Chem Ecol. 2019 Mar; 45(3):326-337. doi: 10.1007/s10886-019-01051-x. Epub 2019 Feb 12" |
