| Title: | Cuticular and Dufour's Gland Chemistry Reflect Reproductive and Social State in the Facultatively Eusocial Sweat Bee Megalopta genalis (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) |
| Author(s): | Kingwell C; Boroczky K; Steitz I; Ayasse M; Wcislo W; |
| Address: | "Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA. cjk252@cornell.edu. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama. cjk252@cornell.edu. Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA. Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany. Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama" |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10886-021-01262-1 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1573-1561 (Electronic) 0098-0331 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Queen pheromones evolved independently in multiple eusocial insect lineages, in which they mediate reproductive conflict by inhibiting worker ovarian development. Although fundamentally important for reproductive division of labor - the hallmark of eusociality - their evolutionary origins are enigmatic. Here, we analyze cuticular and Dufour's gland chemistries across alternative social and reproductive phenotypes in Megalopta genalis bees (tribe Augochlorini, family Halictidae) that facultatively express simple eusociality. Reproductive bees have distinct overall glandular and cuticular chemical phenotypes compared with non-reproductive workers. On the cuticle, a likely site of signal transmission, reproductives are enriched for certain alkenes, most linear alkanes, and are heavily enriched for all methyl-branched alkanes. Chemicals belonging to these compound classes are known to function as fertility signals in other eusocial insect taxa. Some macrocyclic lactones, compounds that serve as queen pheromones in the other eusocial halictid tribe (Halictini), are also enriched among reproductives relative to workers. The intra-population facultative eusociality of M. genalis permits direct comparisons between individuals expressing alternative reproductive phenotypes - females that reproduce alone (solitary reproductives) and social queens - to highlight traits in the latter that may be important mediators of eusociality. Compared with solitary reproductives, the cuticular chemistries of queens are more strongly differentiated from those of workers, and furthermore are especially enriched for methyl-branched alkanes. Determining the pheromonal function(s) and information content of the candidate signaling compounds we identify will help illuminate the early evolutionary history of queen pheromones, chemical signals central to the organization of insect eusocial behavior" |
| Keywords: | "Alkanes/chemistry/metabolism Alkenes/chemistry/metabolism Animal Communication Animals Bees Behavior, Animal Biological Evolution Complex Mixtures/*chemistry Female Fertility Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Male Pheromones/*chemistry/*metabolism Repr;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineKingwell, Callum Boroczky, Katalin Steitz, Iris Ayasse, Manfred Wcislo, William eng 2021/03/09 J Chem Ecol. 2021 May; 47(4-5):420-432. doi: 10.1007/s10886-021-01262-1. Epub 2021 Mar 8" |
