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J Econ Entomol

Title:		Population densities and tree diameter effects associated with verbenone treatments to reduce mountain pine beetle-caused mortality of lodgepole pine
Author(s):		Progar RA; Blackford DC; Cluck DR; Costello S; Dunning LB; Eager T; Jorgensen CL; Munson AS; Steed B; Rinella MJ;
Address:		"USFS, Pacific Northwest Research Station, La Grande, OR 97850, USA. rprogar@fs.fed.us"
Journal Title:		J Econ Entomol
Year:		2013
Volume:		106
Issue:		1
Page Number:		221 - 228
DOI:		10.1603/ec12292
ISSN/ISBN:		0022-0493 (Print) 0022-0493 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), is among the primary causes of mature lodgepole pine, Pinus contorta variety latifolia mortality. Verbenone is the only antiaggregant semiochemical commercially available for reducing mountain pine beetle infestation of lodgepole pine. The success of verbenone treatments has varied greatly in previous studies because of differences in study duration, beetle population size, tree size, or other factors. To determine the ability of verbenone to protect lodgepole pine over long-term mountain pine beetle outbreaks, we applied verbenone treatments annually for 3 to 7 yr at five western United States sites. At one site, an outbreak did not develop; at two sites, verbenone reduced lodgepole pine mortality in medium and large diameter at breast height trees, and at the remaining two sites verbenone was ineffective at reducing beetle infestation. Verbenone reduced mountain pine beetle infestation of lodgepole pine trees in treated areas when populations built gradually or when outbreaks in surrounding untreated forests were of moderate severity. Verbenone did not protect trees when mountain pine beetle populations rapidly increase"
Keywords:		Animals Bicyclic Monoterpenes *Coleoptera *Pheromones Pinus/anatomy & histology/*parasitology Population Density *Terpenes Trees/anatomy & histology/*parasitology;
Notes:		"MedlineProgar, R A Blackford, D C Cluck, D R Costello, S Dunning, L B Eager, T Jorgensen, C L Munson, A S Steed, B Rinella, M J eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2013/03/02 J Econ Entomol. 2013 Feb; 106(1):221-8. doi: 10.1603/ec12292"