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Insect Sci

Title:		Effect of gland extracts on digging and residing preferences of red imported fire ant workers (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Author(s):		Chen J; Zhang G;
Address:		"USDA-ARS, National Biological Control Laboratory, Biological Control of Pests Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA. jian.chen@ars.usda.gov"
Journal Title:		Insect Sci
Year:		2013
Volume:		20120913
Issue:		4
Page Number:		456 - 466
DOI:		10.1111/j.1744-7917.2012.01553.x
ISSN/ISBN:		1744-7917 (Electronic) 1672-9609 (Linking)
Abstract:		"There is evidence that ant-derived chemical stimuli are involved in regulating the digging behavior in Solenopsis invicta Buren. However, the source gland(s) and chemistry of such stimuli have never been revealed. In this study, extracts of mandibular, Dufour's, postpharyngeal, and poison glands were evaluated for their effect on ant digging and residing preferences of S. invicta workers from three colonies. In the intracolonial bioassays, workers showed significant digging preferences to mandibular gland extracts in 2 of 3 colonies and significant residing preferences in 1 of 3 colonies; significant digging preferences to Dufour's gland extracts in 1 of 3 colonies and significant residing preferences in 2 of 3 colonies. No digging and residing preferences were found for postpharyngeal and poison gland extracts. In intercolonial bioassays, significant digging and residing preferences were found for mandibular gland extracts in 3 of 6 colony combinations. Significant digging preferences to Dufour's gland extracts were found in 4 of 6 colony combinations and significant residing preferences in all 6 colony combinations. For postpharyngeal gland extracts, significant digging preferences were found only in 1 of 6 colonial combinations and no significant residing preferences were found. For poison gland extracts, no significant digging preferences were found; significant residing preferences were found in 1 of 6 colony combinations. However, a significant residing deterrence (negative residing preference index) was found for 2 of 6 colony combinations. Statistical analyses using data pooled from all colonies showed that mandibular and Dufour's gland extracts caused significant digging and residing preferences in both intracolonial and intercolonial bioassays but not postpharyngeal and poison gland extracts. By analyzing the data pooled from the same three colonies used for gland extract bioassays, it was found that, in no cases, workers showed significant digging and residing preferences to 2-ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine, an alarm pheromone component from mandibular gland"
Keywords:		"Animal Structures/*chemistry Animals Ants/chemistry/*physiology Behavior, Animal Male Dufour's gland digging preference mandibular gland poison gland postpharyngeal gland residing preference;"
Notes:		"MedlineChen, Jian Zhang, Guangmei eng Australia 2013/08/21 Insect Sci. 2013 Aug; 20(4):456-66. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2012.01553.x. Epub 2012 Sep 13"