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Environ Sci Technol

Title:		Novel chamber to measure equilibrium soil-air partitioning coefficients of low-volatility organic chemicals under conditions of varying temperature and soil moisture
Author(s):		Wolters A; Linnemann V; Smith KE; Klingelmann E; Park BJ; Vereecken H;
Address:		"Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Institute of Chemistry and Dynamics of the Geosphere IV: Agrosphere, D-52425 Julich, Germany. awolters@dr-knoell-consult.com"
Journal Title:		Environ Sci Technol
Year:		2008
Volume:		42
Issue:		13
Page Number:		4870 - 4876
DOI:		10.1021/es800372m
ISSN/ISBN:		0013-936X (Print) 0013-936X (Linking)
Abstract:		"The need to determine soil-air partitioning coefficients (K(SA)) of low-volatility organic chemicals as a measure of their distribution in the soil surface after release into the environment resulted in the development of a novel chamber system, which has been filed for patent. A major advantage of this pseudo-static system is that sufficient time can be factored into the experiment to ensure that the system has achieved equilibrium. In a highly precise method, the air is collected in adsorption tubes and subsequently liberated in a thermodesorption system for the quantitation of the adsorbed compound. The precision of the method is great enough that even the effects of temperature and soil moisture on the soil-air partitioning of very low-volatility compounds can be quantified. Because of analytical detection limits, quantitation of these influences has not been possible to date. Functionality of the setup was illustrated by measurements on the fungicide fenpropimorph. K(SA) values of fenpropimorph displayed a negative relationship with temperature and soil moisture. The type of application (spraying or incorporation) and the use of formulated compounds was shown to have a major impact on the measured K(SA) values. Comparison with calculations using an estimation method revealed that the use of experimentally determined K(SA) values will facilitate a more adequate consideration of volatilization in recent model approaches"
Keywords:		Environmental Monitoring/*instrumentation/methods Environmental Pollutants/*analysis Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Organic Chemicals/*analysis Soil/*analysis *Temperature Volatilization Water/chemistry;
Notes:		"MedlineWolters, Andre Linnemann, Volker Smith, Kilian E C Klingelmann, Eva Park, Byung-Jun Vereecken, Harry eng 2008/08/06 Environ Sci Technol. 2008 Jul 1; 42(13):4870-6. doi: 10.1021/es800372m"