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Mol Biol Cell

Title:		Cell fusion in yeast is negatively regulated by components of the cell wall integrity pathway
Author(s):		Hall AE; Rose MD;
Address:		"Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544. Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057"
Journal Title:		Mol Biol Cell
Year:		2019
Volume:		20181226
Issue:		4
Page Number:		441 - 452
DOI:		10.1091/mbc.E18-04-0236
ISSN/ISBN:		1939-4586 (Electronic) 1059-1524 (Print) 1059-1524 (Linking)
Abstract:		"During mating, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells must degrade the intervening cell wall to allow fusion of the partners. Because improper timing or location of cell wall degradation would cause lysis, the initiation of cell fusion must be highly regulated. Here, we find that yeast cell fusion is negatively regulated by components of the cell wall integrity (CWI) pathway. Loss of the cell wall sensor, MID2, specifically causes 'mating-induced death' after pheromone exposure. Mating-induced death is suppressed by mutations in cell fusion genes ( FUS1, FUS2, RVS161, CDC42), implying that mid2Delta cells die from premature fusion without a partner. Consistent with premature fusion, mid2Delta shmoos had thinner cell walls and lysed at the shmoo tip. Normally, Cdc42p colocalizes with Fus2p to form a focus only when mating cells are in contact (prezygotes) and colocalization is required for cell fusion. However, Cdc42p was aberrantly colocalized with Fus2p to form a focus in mid2Delta shmoos. A hyperactive allele of the CWI kinase Pkc1p ( PKC1*) caused decreased cell fusion and Cdc42p localization in prezygotes. In shmoos, PKC1* increased Cdc42p localization; however, it was not colocalized with Fus2p or associated with cell death. We conclude that Mid2p and Pkc1p negatively regulate cell fusion via Cdc42p and Fus2p"
Keywords:		Cell Death/drug effects Cell Fusion Cell Membrane/drug effects/metabolism Cell Wall/drug effects/*metabolism Pheromones/pharmacology Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*cytology/drug effects/*metabolism Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/metabolism *Signal Transduct;
Notes:		"MedlineHall, Allison E Rose, Mark D eng R01 GM037739/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ R35 GM126998/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural 2018/12/27 Mol Biol Cell. 2019 Feb 15; 30(4):441-452. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E18-04-0236. Epub 2018 Dec 26"