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Environ Sci Technol

Title:		"Organochlorine pesticides in the atmosphere and surface water from the equatorial Indian Ocean: enantiomeric signatures, sources, and fate"
Author(s):		Huang Y; Xu Y; Li J; Xu W; Zhang G; Cheng Z; Liu J; Wang Y; Tian C;
Address:		"State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China"
Journal Title:		Environ Sci Technol
Year:		2013
Volume:		20131119
Issue:		23
Page Number:		13395 - 13403
DOI:		10.1021/es403138p
ISSN/ISBN:		1520-5851 (Electronic) 0013-936X (Linking)
Abstract:		"Nineteen pairs of gaseous and surface seawater samples were collected along the cruise from Malaysia to the south of Bay of Bengal passing by Sri Lanka between April 12 and May 4, 2011 on the Chinese research vessel Shiyan I to investigate the latest OCP pollution status over the equatorial Indian Ocean. Significant decrease of alpha-HCH and gamma-HCH was found in the air and dissolved water phase owing to global restriction for decades. Substantially high levels of p,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDT, trans-chlordane (TC), and cis-chlordane (CC) were observed in the water samples collected near Sri Lanka, indicating fresh continental riverine input of these compounds. Fugacity fractions suggest equilibrium of alpha-HCH at most sampling sites, while net volatilization for DDT isomers, TC and CC in most cases. Enantiomer fractions (EFs) of alpha-HCH and o,p'-DDT in the air and water samples were determined to trace the source of these compounds in the air. Racemic or close to racemic composition was found for atmospheric alpha-HCH and o,p'-DDT, while significant depletion of (+) enantiomer was found in the water phase, especially for o,p'-DDT (EFs = 0.310 +/- 0.178). 24% of alpha-HCH in the lower air over the open sea of the equatorial Indian Ocean is estimated to be volatilized from local seawater, indicating that long-range transport is the main source"
Keywords:		"Air Pollutants/*analysis Atmosphere Environmental Monitoring Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/*analysis Indian Ocean Pesticides/*analysis Seawater/analysis Sri Lanka Volatilization Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis;"
Notes:		"MedlineHuang, Yumei Xu, Yue Li, Jun Xu, Weihai Zhang, Gan Cheng, Zhineng Liu, Junwen Wang, Yan Tian, Chongguo eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2013/11/21 Environ Sci Technol. 2013; 47(23):13395-403. doi: 10.1021/es403138p. Epub 2013 Nov 19"