| Title: | Electronic nose versus quadrupole mass spectrometry for identifying viral hepatitis C patients |
| Author(s): | Mohamed EI; El-Ghnam SM; Bayoumi AM; Abdel-Mageed SM; Ghareeb DA; Ross B; |
| Address: | "Department of Medical Biophysics, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. Pre-Clinical Center, Scientific Research and Technology Applications City, Borg Al-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt. Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Lakehead University, Ontario, Canada" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1365-2893 (Electronic) 1352-0504 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Hepatitis C is a leading cause of liver disease and transplantation and is a significant burden on public health worldwide. This study aimed to apply the Electronic Nose (E-Nose) and quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS) technologies for screening blood samples from hepatitis C patients and healthy controls. We analysed volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the headspace over blood samples to identify those VOCs characteristic for diagnosing hepatitis C patients. The study comprised 150 acute hepatitis C patients with age range: 24-59 years, and mean age +/-SD: 41.5 +/- 12.8 years and 150 age-matched healthy controls (age range: 24-51 and mean age: 40.11 +/- 4.89 years) from the Hospital of the Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. Collected blood samples were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively using the E-Nose and MS/MS techniques, respectively. Principal component analysis of the E-Nose 10-sensor responses accurately classified blood samples from hepatitis C patients and healthy controls. The first two principal components explained over 98.35% of the variance in signals with no false-positive (healthy controls) or false-negative (hepatitis C patients) results. MS/MS showed two fragmentation ions at m/z of 104 and 151 Da with the positive electrospray ionization mode (ESI+) in blood samples for hepatitis C patients, but not for healthy controls or background water samples. We identified the two specific fragmentation ions at m/z 104 and m/z 151 Da as malonic acid (MF: C(3) H(4) O(4) ; MW: 104.06 g/mol) and monosaccharide pentose (MF: C(5) H(10) O(5) ; MW: 150.13 g/mol) in VOCs of the headspace over blood samples for hepatitis C patients. This provides a rationale for developing diagnostic tests for hepatitis C virus based on altered trace VOCs concentrations using the relatively inexpensive, easy-to-use, portable and non-invasive E-Nose technology" |
| Keywords: | "Adult Electronic Nose *Hepatitis C/diagnosis *Hepatitis, Viral, Human Humans Middle Aged Tandem Mass Spectrometry *Volatile Organic Compounds Young Adult diagnosis hepatitis C virus malonic acid mass spectrometry monosaccharide pentose volatile organic co;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineMohamed, Ehab I El-Ghnam, Sameh M Bayoumi, Amani M Abdel-Mageed, Samir M Ghareeb, Doaa A Ross, Brian eng England 2021/11/14 J Viral Hepat. 2022 Feb; 29(2):147-155. doi: 10.1111/jvh.13630. Epub 2021 Nov 21" |
