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J Hazard Mater

Title:		Aerostat-based sampling of emissions from open burning and open detonation of military ordnance
Author(s):		Aurell J; Gullett BK; Tabor D; Williams RK; Mitchell W; Kemme MR;
Address:		"National Research Council Post Doctoral Fellow to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Electronic address: aurell.johanna@epa.gov. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Electronic address: gullett.brian@epa.gov. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Electronic address: tabor.dennis@epa.gov. U.S. Department of Defense, Joint Munitions Command, Logistics Integration Directorate, Engineering and Demil Technology Office, AMSJM-LIB-T, OK 74501, USA. Electronic address: ryan.k.williams.civ@mail.mil. William Mitchell, Bill Mitchell & Associates, LLC, 5621 Pelham Rd., Durham, NC 27713, USA. Electronic address: mitcbill@gmail.com. U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Attn: CEERD-CN-E, PO Box 9005, Champaign, IL 61826-9005, USA. Electronic address: michael.r.kemme@usace.army.mil"
Journal Title:		J Hazard Mater
Year:		2015
Volume:		20141031
Issue:
Page Number:		108 - 120
DOI:		10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.10.029
ISSN/ISBN:		1873-3336 (Electronic) 0304-3894 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Emissions from open detonation (OD), open burning (OB), and static firing (SF) of obsolete military munitions were collected using an aerostat-lofted sampling instrument maneuvered into the plumes with remotely controlled tether winches. PM2.5, PM10, metals, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), energetics, and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were characterized from 121 trials of three different munitions (Composition B (hereafter, 'Comp B'), V453, V548), 152 trials of five different propellants (M31A1E1, M26, SPCF, Arc 451, 452A), and 12 trials with static firing of ammonium perchlorate-containing Sparrow rocket motors. Sampling was conducted with operational charge sizes and under open area conditions to determine emission levels representative of actual disposal practices. The successful application of the tethered aerostat and sampling instruments demonstrated the ability to sample for and determine the first ever emission factors for static firing of rocket motors and buried and metal-cased OD, as well as the first measurements of PM2.5 for OB and for surface OD"
Keywords:		Air Pollutants/analysis *Air Pollution Environmental Monitoring/instrumentation Environmental Pollutants/analysis *Explosions *Fires Metals/chemistry Military Personnel Particulate Matter/analysis Soil Soil Pollutants/*analysis Utah Volatile Organic Compo;
Notes:		"MedlineAurell, Johanna Gullett, Brian K Tabor, Dennis Williams, Ryan K Mitchell, William Kemme, Michael R eng Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Netherlands 2014/12/03 J Hazard Mater. 2015 Mar 2; 284:108-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.10.029. Epub 2014 Oct 31"