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Pest Manag Sci

Title:		Biochar applications decrease reproductive potential of the English grain aphid Sitobion avenae and upregulate defense-related gene expression
Author(s):		Chen Y; Li R; Li B; Meng L;
Address:		"College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Eastern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China"
Journal Title:		Pest Manag Sci
Year:		2019
Volume:		20181203
Issue:		5
Page Number:		1310 - 1316
DOI:		10.1002/ps.5245
ISSN/ISBN:		1526-4998 (Electronic) 1526-498X (Linking)
Abstract:		"BACKGROUND: The application of biochar as a targeted strategy for managing herbivorous pests is a topic of growing interest. The present study first determined the influence of biochar amendments on the reproductive performance of the English grain aphid Sitobion avenae, and then examined defense-related gene expression in the wheat plant as a function of biochar amendments and aphid feeding. RESULTS: Compared to the control, biocahr amendments decreased aphid lifetime fertility by 9.09% and 20.23% for amending levels at 3% and 5%, respectively; it reduced aphid population by 18.68%, 21.69%, and 28.70% for the levels at 1.5%, 3%, and 5%, respectively. Biochar applications increased silicon content more than 40% in wheat plants. Furthermore, biochar additions increased the expression of four defense-related genes (AOS, LOX, PAL and PR) in wheat plants with extension of feeding time by aphids. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that biochar amendments to soils have detrimental consequences on the reproductive potential of the aphid on the wheat, and the effect may result from aphid-induced plant defenses being raised by biochar applications. (c) 2018 Society of Chemical Industry"
Keywords:		Animals Aphids/drug effects/*genetics/growth & development/*physiology Charcoal/*pharmacology Fertility/drug effects/genetics Reproduction/drug effects/genetics Up-Regulation/*drug effects Aphididae biochar application herbivory-induced resistance phloem-;
Notes:		"MedlineChen, Yong Li, Ran Li, Baoping Meng, Ling eng 2017YFD0201000/National Key R&D Program of China/ England 2018/10/26 Pest Manag Sci. 2019 May; 75(5):1310-1316. doi: 10.1002/ps.5245. Epub 2018 Dec 3"