| Title: | (Z)-3-Hexenol induces defense genes and downstream metabolites in maize |
| Author(s): | Farag MA; Fokar M; Abd H; Zhang H; Allen RD; Pare PW; |
| Address: | "Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061, USA" |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s00425-004-1404-5 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 0032-0935 (Print) 0032-0935 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "In response to insect feeding, corn plants (Zea mays cv. Delprim) release elevated levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including the C(6)-volatile (Z)-3-hexenol. The level of mRNA accumulation for a series of defense genes was monitored in response to application of (Z)-3-hexenol (50 nmol) to undamaged plants. The induction of transcripts for hpl (hydroperoxide lyase), fps (farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase), pal (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase), lox (lipoxygenase), igl (indole-3-glycerol phosphate lyase) and mpi (maize proteinase inhibitor) were compared with metabolites generated from the respective pathways. While headspace VOC analysis showed an increase in (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and methyl salicylate with lox and pal induction, respectively, MPI accumulation was not observed with an increase in mpi transcripts. Moreover, (Z)-3-hexenol treatment did not elevate sesquiterpene emissions or activate fps transcription. Chemical labeling and bioassay experiments established that exogenous (Z)-3-hexenol can be taken up and converted to a less active acetylated form. These data indicate that (Z)-3-hexenol can serve as a signaling molecule that triggers defense responses in maize and can rapidly be turned over in planta" |
| Keywords: | "Acetates/metabolism/pharmacology Animals Blotting, Western Cyclopentanes/metabolism/pharmacology Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/*drug effects Hexanols/metabolism/*pharmacology Indoles/metabolism Lipoxygenase/genetics/metabolism Oxylipins Phenylalanine;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineFarag, Mohamed A Fokar, Mohamed Abd, Haggag Zhang, Huiming Allen, Randy D Pare, Paul W eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Germany 2004/12/16 Planta. 2005 Apr; 220(6):900-9. doi: 10.1007/s00425-004-1404-5. Epub 2004 Dec 15" |
