| Title: | Air Pollutant Emission Rates for Dry Anaerobic Digestion and Composting of Organic Municipal Solid Waste |
| Author(s): | Preble CV; Chen SS; Hotchi T; Sohn MD; Maddalena RL; Russell ML; Brown NJ; Scown CD; Kirchstetter TW; |
| Address: | "Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1520-5851 (Electronic) 0013-936X (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Dry anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic municipal solid waste (MSW) followed by composting of the residual digestate is a waste diversion strategy that generates biogas and soil amendment products. The AD-composting process avoids methane (CH(4)) emissions from landfilling, but emissions of other greenhouse gases, odorous/toxic species, and reactive compounds can affect net climate and air quality impacts. In situ measurements of key sources at two large-scale industrial facilities in California were conducted to quantify pollutant emission rates across the AD-composting process. These measurements established a strong relationship between flared biogas ammonia (NH(3)) content and emitted nitrogen oxides (NO(x)), indicating that fuel NO(x) formation is significant and dominates over the thermal or prompt NO(x) pathways when biogas NH(3) concentration exceeds approximately 200 ppm. Composting is the largest source of CH(4), carbon dioxide (CO(2)), nitrous oxide (N(2)O), and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions ( approximately 60-70%), and dominate NH(3), hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S), and volatile organic compounds (VOC) emissions (>90%). The high CH(4) contribution to CO(2)-equivalent emissions demonstrates that composting can be an important CH(4) source, which could be reduced with improved aeration. Controlling greenhouse gas and toxic/odorous emissions from composting offers the greatest mitigation opportunities for reducing the climate and air quality impacts of the AD-composting process" |
| Keywords: | *Air Pollutants/analysis Anaerobiosis Carbon Dioxide/analysis *Composting Greenhouse Effect *Greenhouse Gases/analysis Methane/analysis Nitrous Oxide/analysis Solid Waste; |
| Notes: | "MedlinePreble, Chelsea V Chen, Sharon S Hotchi, Toshifumi Sohn, Michael D Maddalena, Randy L Russell, Marion L Brown, Nancy J Scown, Corinne D Kirchstetter, Thomas W eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 2020/11/24 Environ Sci Technol. 2020 Dec 15; 54(24):16097-16107. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.0c03953. Epub 2020 Nov 23" |
