| Title: | The Evanescent Bouquet of Individual Bear Fingerprint |
| Author(s): | Mazzatenta A; Fiorito S; Guadagnini R; Genovese S; Valentini A; Bonadiman F; Guadagnini S; Epifano F; Mollica A; |
| Address: | "Neurophysiology Olfactory and Chemoreceptive Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy. Department of Pharmacy, 'G. d'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara University, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy. Zoolife, Via Cavalleggeri Udine 41, 38017 Mezzolombardo, Italy" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 2076-2615 (Print) 2076-2615 (Electronic) 2076-2615 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "The evanescent and invisible communication carried by chemical signals, pheromones, or signature mixtures or, as we prefer, the pheromonal individual fingerprint, between members of the same species is poorly studied in mammals, mainly because of the lack of identification of the molecules. The difference between pheromones and the pheromonal individual fingerprint is that the former generate stereotyped innate responses while the latter requires learning, i.e., different receivers can learn different signature mixtures from the same individual. Furthermore, pheromones are usually produced by a particular gland, while the pheromonal individual fingerprint is the entire bouquet produced by the entire secreting gland of the body. In the present study, we aim to investigate the pheromonal individual fingerprint of brown bears in northern Italy. We collected the entire putative pheromone bouquet from all production sites in free-ranging bears and analyzed the entire crude extract to profile the individual fingerprint according to species-, sex- and subjective-specific characteristics. We were able to putatively characterize the brown bears' pheromonal individual fingerprints and compare them with the partial pheromone identifications published by other studies. This work is a step forward in the study of the complexity of chemical communication, particularly in a solitary endangered species" |
| Keywords: | European brown bear GC/MS analysis pheromones;neuroscience; |
| Notes: | "PubMed-not-MEDLINEMazzatenta, Andrea Fiorito, Serena Guadagnini, Roberto Genovese, Salvatore Valentini, Alberto Bonadiman, Federica Guadagnini, Sofia Epifano, Francesco Mollica, Adriano eng Switzerland 2023/01/22 Animals (Basel). 2023 Jan 6; 13(2):220. doi: 10.3390/ani13020220" |
