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Molecules

Title:		Compositional Changes in Grapes and Leaves as a Consequence of Smoke Exposure of Vineyards from Multiple Bushfires across a Ripening Season
Author(s):		Jiang W; Parker M; Hayasaka Y; Simos C; Herderich M;
Address:		"The Australian Wine Research Institute, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia"
Journal Title:		Molecules
Year:		2021
Volume:		20210526
Issue:		11
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/molecules26113187
ISSN/ISBN:		1420-3049 (Electronic) 1420-3049 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The negative effects of smoke exposure of grapes in vineyards that are close to harvest are well documented. Volatile phenols in smoke from forest and grass fires can contaminate berries and, upon uptake, are readily converted into a range of glycosylated grape metabolites. These phenolic glycosides and corresponding volatile phenols are extracted into the must and carried through the winemaking process, leading to wines with overtly smoky aromas and flavours. As a result, smoke exposure of grapes can cause significant quality defects in wine, and may render grapes and wine unfit for sale, with substantial negative economic impacts. Until now, however, very little has been known about the impact on grape composition of smoke exposure very early in the season, when grapes are small, hard and green, as occurred with many fires in the 2019-20 Australian grapegrowing season. This research summarises the compositional consequences of cumulative bushfire smoke exposure of grapes and leaves, it establishes detailed profiles of volatile phenols and phenolic glycosides in samples from six commercial Chardonnay and Shiraz blocks throughout berry ripening and examines the observed effects in the context of vineyard location and timing of smoke exposure. In addition, we demonstrate the potential of some phenolic glycosides in leaves to serve as additional biomarkers for smoke exposure of vineyards"
Keywords:		Air Pollutants Farms *Food Contamination Food Industry Fruit/chemistry Glycosides Glycosylation New South Wales Particulate Matter Phenol/*chemistry Phenols Plant Leaves/chemistry Principal Component Analysis *Smoke Vitis/*chemistry Volatile Organic Compo;
Notes:		"MedlineJiang, WenWen Parker, Mango Hayasaka, Yoji Simos, Con Herderich, Markus eng 1701-343/Wine Australia/ Switzerland 2021/06/03 Molecules. 2021 May 26; 26(11):3187. doi: 10.3390/molecules26113187"