| Title: | Size Exclusion High Performance Liquid Chromatography: Re-Discovery of a Rapid and Versatile Method for Clean-Up and Fractionation in Chemical Ecology |
| Author(s): | Sperling S; Kuhbandner S; Engel KC; Steiger S; Stokl J; Ruther J; |
| Address: | "Institute for Zoology, University of Regensburg, Universitatsstrasse 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany" |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10886-015-0584-8 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1573-1561 (Electronic) 0098-0331 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Solvent extraction of bioactive molecules from glands, tissues, or whole organisms is a common first step in chemoecological studies. Co-extraction of a surplus of high boiling materials such as triacylglycerides (TAGs) and other lipids with higher molecular weight might hamper the identification of volatile or medium-volatile semiochemicals by high resolution chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. Therefore, effective clean-up procedures are needed to separate potential semiochemicals from the accompanying materials. Size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC), a technique often disregarded by chemoecologists, has proved to be a rapid and efficient clean-up method for complex crude extracts. We demonstrated that TAGs can be baseline separated from typical semiochemicals within less than 10 min on a porous gel stationary phase based on highly cross-linked polystyrene/divinylbenzene. We applied the method as a rapid one-step clean-up procedure for the analysis of juvenile hormone III in insect hemolymph by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. We furthermore introduced some recent application examples on insect pheromones to demonstrate that SE-HPLC is not only an effective method for the purification of crude extracts, but can as well be used as a first fractionation step for the bioassay-guided identification of behavior modifying natural products. SE-HPLC can be well operated with low-boiling solvents such as dichloromethane, and results in fraction volumes of typically less than one ml, which decreases the danger of losing volatile analytes during subsequent concentration steps" |
| Keywords: | "Animals Chemical Fractionation *Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Coleoptera/growth & development/*metabolism Female Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Juvenile Hormones/*analysis Larva/growth & development/metabolism Wasps/*metabolism;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineSperling, Sergej Kuhbandner, Stephan Engel, Katharina C Steiger, Sandra Stokl, Johannes Ruther, Joachim eng 2015/05/07 J Chem Ecol. 2015 Jun; 41(6):574-83. doi: 10.1007/s10886-015-0584-8. Epub 2015 May 6" |
