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J Agric Food Chem

Title:		"The Biosynthesis Mechanism Involving 2,3-Pentanedione and Aminoacetone Describes the Production of 2-Ethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazine and 2-Ethyl-3,6-dimethylpyrazine by Bacillus subtilis"
Author(s):		Zhang H; Zhang L; Yu X; Xu Y;
Address:		"State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China"
Journal Title:		J Agric Food Chem
Year:		2020
Volume:		20200303
Issue:		11
Page Number:		3558 - 3567
DOI:		10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07809
ISSN/ISBN:		1520-5118 (Electronic) 0021-8561 (Linking)
Abstract:		"2-Ethyl-3,5(3,6)-dimethylpyrazines (EDMPs) have a pleasant aroma of roasted cocoa or nuts with an extreme low odor threshold that have potential in industrial applications as food fragrances. The food fermentation process can accumulate EDMPs, and this might be the chance to study the biosynthesis mechanism of EDMPs under mild conditions for 'natural' EDMPs' production. In this study, an EDMP-producing strain was isolated from baijiu fermentation. This strain was identified as Bacillus subtilis, a generally regarded as safe organism. After reasonable assumption and substrate addition and isotope-labeled experiments, we found that EDMPs are produced from l-threonine and d-glucose at environmental temperature and pressure. In addition, aminoacetone, the metabolite of l-threonine, and 2,3-pentanedione, the metabolite of l-threonine and d-glucose, are intermediates for the production of EDMPs. This study proposed and confirmed the biosynthesis pathway of EDMPs. It will be helpful for the industrial production of EDMPs and provides reference for the biosynthetic mechanism analysis of other valuable pyrazines"
Keywords:		"Acetone/analogs & derivatives *Bacillus subtilis Fermentation Pentanones Pheromones Pyrazines 2, 3-Pentanedione 2-Ethyl-3, 5-dimethylpyrazine 2-Ethyl-3, 6-dimethylpyrazine Bacillus subtilis Biosynthesis mechanism l-Threonine;"
Notes:		"MedlineZhang, Huaizhi Zhang, Lijie Yu, Xiaowei Xu, Yan eng 2020/02/18 J Agric Food Chem. 2020 Mar 18; 68(11):3558-3567. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07809. Epub 2020 Mar 3"