« Previous AbstractField evaluation of female attractants for monitoring Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) under a range of climatic conditions and population levels in Western Australia    Next AbstractAn experimental study to investigate the feasibility to classify paints according to neurotoxicological risks: occupational air requirement (OAR) and indoor use of alkyd paints »

PLoS One

Title:		Comparison of in vitro static and dynamic assays to evaluate the efficacy of an antimicrobial drug combination against Staphylococcus aureus
Author(s):		Broussou DC; Toutain PL; Woehrle F; El Garch F; Bousquet-Melou A; Ferran AA;
Address:		"UMR 1436 INTHERES, Universite de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Toulouse, France. Vetoquinol SA, Lure, France. Department of Veterinary Basics Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, United Kingdom"
Journal Title:		PLoS One
Year:		2019
Volume:		20190123
Issue:		1
Page Number:		e0211214 -
DOI:		10.1371/journal.pone.0211214
ISSN/ISBN:		1932-6203 (Electronic) 1932-6203 (Linking)
Abstract:		"An easily implementable strategy to reduce treatment failures in severe bacterial infections is to combine already available antibiotics. However, most in vitro combination assays are performed by exposing standard bacterial inocula to constant concentrations of antibiotics over less than 24h, which can be poorly representative of clinical situations. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of static and dynamic in vitro Time-Kill Studies (TKS) to identify the potential benefits of an antibiotic combination (here, amikacin and vancomycin) on two different inoculum sizes of two S. aureus strains. In the static TKS (sTKS), performed by exposing both strains over 24h to constant antibiotic concentrations, the activity of the two drugs combined was not significantly different the better drug used alone. However, the dynamic TKS (dTKS) performed over 5 days by exposing one strain to fluctuating concentrations representative of those observed in patients showed that, with the large inoculum, the activities of the drugs, used alone or in combination, significantly differed over time. Vancomycin did not kill bacteria, amikacin led to bacterial regrowth whereas the combination progressively decreased the bacterial load. Thus, dTKS revealed an enhanced effect of the combination on a large inoculum not observed in sTKS. The discrepancy between the sTKS and dTKS results highlights that the assessment of the efficacy of a combination for severe infections associated with a high bacterial load could be demanding. These situations probably require the implementation of dynamic assays over the entire expected treatment duration rather than the sole static assays performed with steady drug concentrations over 24h"
Keywords:		"Amikacin/*pharmacology Anti-Bacterial Agents/*pharmacology Bacterial Load/drug effects Biofilms/drug effects Drug Combinations Drug Therapy, Combination Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects Microbial Sensitivity Tests Staphylococcus au;"
Notes:		"MedlineBroussou, Diane C Toutain, Pierre-Louis Woehrle, Frederique El Garch, Farid Bousquet-Melou, Alain Ferran, Aude A eng Comparative Study 2019/01/24 PLoS One. 2019 Jan 23; 14(1):e0211214. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211214. eCollection 2019"