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Molecules

Title:		"Detection of Paratuberculosis in Dairy Herds by Analyzing the Scent of Feces, Alveolar Gas, and Stable Air"
Author(s):		Weber M; Gierschner P; Klassen A; Kasbohm E; Schubert JK; Miekisch W; Reinhold P; Kohler H;
Address:		"Institute of Molecular Pathogenesis at 'Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut' (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health), Naumburgerstr. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany. Rostock Medical Breath Research Analytics and Technologies (RoMBAT), Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 35, 18057 Rostock, Germany. Albutec GmbH, Schillingallee 68, 18057 Rostock, Germany. Thuringer Tierseuchenkasse, Rindergesundheitsdienst (Thuringian Animal Health Fund, Cattle Health Service), Victor-Goerttler-Strasse 4, 07745 Jena, Germany. Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Strasse 47, 17489 Greifswald, Germany. National Reference Laboratory for Paratuberculosis, Naumburger Strasse 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany"
Journal Title:		Molecules
Year:		2021
Volume:		20210511
Issue:		10
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/molecules26102854
ISSN/ISBN:		1420-3049 (Electronic) 1420-3049 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Paratuberculosis is an important disease of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP). Early detection is crucial for successful infection control, but available diagnostic tests are still dissatisfying. Methods allowing a rapid, economic, and reliable identification of animals or herds affected by MAP are urgently required. This explorative study evaluated the potential of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to discriminate between cattle with and without MAP infections. Headspaces above fecal samples and alveolar fractions of exhaled breath of 77 cows from eight farms with defined MAP status were analyzed in addition to stable air samples. VOCs were identified by GC-MS and quantified against reference substances. To discriminate MAP-positive from MAP-negative samples, VOC feature selection and random forest classification were performed. Classification models, generated for each biological specimen, were evaluated using repeated cross-validation. The robustness of the results was tested by predicting samples of two different sampling days. For MAP classification, the different biological matrices emitted diagnostically relevant VOCs of a unique but partly overlapping pattern (fecal headspace: 19, alveolar gas: 11, stable air: 4-5). Chemically, relevant compounds belonged to hydrocarbons, ketones, alcohols, furans, and aldehydes. Comparing the different biological specimens, VOC analysis in fecal headspace proved to be most reproducible, discriminatory, and highly predictive"
Keywords:		*Air Animals Cattle Feces/*chemistry Gases/*analysis Mycobacterium avium subsp.paratuberculosis Odorants/*analysis Paratuberculosis/*diagnosis/microbiology Pulmonary Alveoli/*metabolism ROC Curve Reproducibility of Results Volatile Organic Compounds/anal;
Notes:		"MedlineWeber, Michael Gierschner, Peter Klassen, Anne Kasbohm, Elisa Schubert, Jochen K Miekisch, Wolfram Reinhold, Petra Kohler, Heike eng RE 1098/4-2 and SCHU 1960/4-2/Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ Switzerland 2021/06/03 Molecules. 2021 May 11; 26(10):2854. doi: 10.3390/molecules26102854"