| Title: | "Indoor and outdoor air concentrations of volatile organic compounds and NO(2) in schools of urban, industrial and rural areas in Central-Southern Spain" |
| Author(s): | Villanueva F; Tapia A; Lara S; Amo-Salas M; |
| Address: | "Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory, Research Institute for Combustion and Atmospheric Pollution, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Camino de Moledores s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; Castilla-La Mancha Science and Technology Park, Paseo de la Innovacion 1, 02006 Albacete, Spain. Electronic address: Florentina.vgarcia@uclm.es. Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Camilo Jose Cela s/n, Spain. Electronic address: Araceli.tapia@uclm.es. Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory, Research Institute for Combustion and Atmospheric Pollution, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Camino de Moledores s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain. Electronic address: Sonia.Lara@alu.uclm.es. Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Castilla La Mancha, Camino de Moledores s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain. Electronic address: mariano.amo@uclm.es" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.274 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1879-1026 (Electronic) 0048-9697 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Thirty two VOCs including alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, terpenes and carbonyl compounds together with NO(2) were investigated in a kindergarten classroom, a primary classroom and the playground in 18 schools located in rural areas, an urban area (Ciudad Real) and an industrial area (Puertollano) in the province of Ciudad Real in central southern Spain. The most abundant pollutants at schools were the aldehydes formaldehyde and hexanal. After carbonyls, n-dodecane was the most abundant compound in the study areas. The NO(2) concentrations were higher in the urban area, followed by industrial area and rural areas. For benzene, its concentration in the industrial area was significantly higher than in the urban and rural areas which reflects the magnitude of the contribution to the indoor air by petrochemical plant during the sampling period. Principal component analysis, indoor/outdoor ratios, multiple linear regressions and Spearman correlation coefficients were used to investigate the origin, the indoor pollutant determinants and to establish common sources between VOCs and NO(2). Seven components were extracted from the application of PCA to the indoor measurements accounting for 77.5% of the total variance. The analysis of indoor/outdoor ratios and correlations demonstrated that sources in the indoor environment are prevailing for most of the investigated VOCs. Benzene and n-pentane have a major relevance as outdoor sources, while aldehydes, terpenes, alkanes and most aromatic hydrocarbons as indoor sources. For NO(2), ethylbenzene and toluene both indoor and outdoor sources probably contributed to the measured concentrations. Finally, the results reported in this paper demonstrate that during the measuring period there were not great differences in the indoor air quality of the schools of the three study areas" |
| Keywords: | Carbonyl compounds Indoor air quality No(2) School Spain Volatile organic compounds; |
| Notes: | "PubMed-not-MEDLINEVillanueva, Florentina Tapia, Araceli Lara, Sonia Amo-Salas, Mariano eng Netherlands 2017/12/07 Sci Total Environ. 2018 May 1; 622-623:222-235. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.274. Epub 2017 Dec 13" |
