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PLoS One

Title:		The Effect of CmLOXs on the Production of Volatile Organic Compounds in Four Aroma Types of Melon (Cucumis melo)
Author(s):		Tang Y; Zhang C; Cao S; Wang X; Qi H;
Address:		"Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education and Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China"
Journal Title:		PLoS One
Year:		2015
Volume:		20151124
Issue:		11
Page Number:		e0143567 -
DOI:		10.1371/journal.pone.0143567
ISSN/ISBN:		1932-6203 (Electronic) 1932-6203 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Lipoxygenases (LOXs) play important role in the synthesis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which influence the aroma of fruit. In this study, we elucidate that there is a positive relationship between LOXs activity and VOC production in melon (Cucumis melo), and CmLOX genes are involved in fruit aroma generation in melon. To this end, we tested four aroma types of melon that feature a thin pericarp: two aromatic cultivars of the oriental melons (C. melo var. makuwa Makino), 'Yu Meiren' (YMR) and 'Cui Bao' (CB); a non-aromatic oriental pickling melon (C. melo var. conomon), 'Shao Gua' (SHAO); and a non-aromatic snake melon (C. melo L. var. flexuosus Naud), 'Cai Gua' (CAI). A principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the aromas of SHAO and CAI are similar in nature because their ester contents are lower than those of YMR and CB. Ethyl acetate, benzyl acetate, (E, Z)-2, 6-nonadienal and menthol are four principal volatile compounds that affect the aromatic characteristics of these four types of melons. The LOX activity and total ester content in YMR were the highest among the examined melon varieties. The expression patterns of 18 CmLOX genes were found to vary based on the aromatic nature of the melon. Four of them were highly expressed in YMR. Moreover, we treated the fruit disks of YMR with LOX substrates (linoleic acid and linolenic acid) and LOX inhibitors (n-propyl gallate and nordihydroguariaretic acid). Substrate application promoted LOX activity and induced accumulation of hexanal, (2E)-nonenal and straight-chain esters, such as ethyl acetate. In contrast, LOX inhibitors decreased the levels of these compounds. The effect of CmLOXs in the biosynthesis of esters in melons are discussed"
Keywords:		"Cucumis melo/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism Enzyme Activation Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Gene Expression Profiling Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Lipoxygenase/*metabolism Lipoxygenase Inhibitors/metabolism Phenotype Quantitative Trait, Herita;"
Notes:		"MedlineTang, Yufan Zhang, Chong Cao, Songxiao Wang, Xiao Qi, Hongyan eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2015/11/26 PLoS One. 2015 Nov 24; 10(11):e0143567. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143567. eCollection 2015"