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Sci Rep

Title:		Confirmation of Oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus infections in G-haplotype coconut rhinoceros beetles (Oryctes rhinoceros) from Palauan PCR-positive populations
Author(s):		Tanaka S; Harrison RL; Arai H; Katayama Y; Mizutani T; Inoue MN; Miles J; Marshall SDG; Kitalong C; Nakai M;
Address:		"Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan. Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, USDA Agricultural Research Service, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA. Palau National Invasive Species Coordinator, Retired, Koror, Palau. AgResearch Limited (Lincoln), Research Centre, Private Bag 4749, Christchurch, Lincoln, 8140, New Zealand. Palau Community College-Cooperative Research Extension, Koror, Palau. Pacific Academic Institute for Research, Koror, Palau. Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Saiwai-cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan. madoka@cc.tuat.ac.jp"
Journal Title:		Sci Rep
Year:		2021
Volume:		20210920
Issue:		1
Page Number:		18820 -
DOI:		10.1038/s41598-021-97426-w
ISSN/ISBN:		2045-2322 (Electronic) 2045-2322 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Coconut rhinoceros beetle (CRB), Oryctes rhinoceros, is a pest of palm trees in the Pacific. Recently, a remarkable degree of palm damage reported in Guam, Hawaii, Papua New Guinea and Solomon Islands has been associated with a particular haplotype (clade I), known as 'CRB-G'. In the Palau Archipelago, both CRB-G and another haplotype (clade IV) belonging to the CRB-S cluster coexist in the field. In this study, more than 75% of pheromone trap-captured adults of both haplotypes were Oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV)-positive by PCR. No significant difference in OrNV prevalence between the haplotypes was detected. In PCR-positive CRB-G tissue specimens from Palau, viral particles were observed by electron microscopy. Hemocoel injection of CRB larvae with crude virus homogenates from these tissues resulted in viral infection and mortality. OrNV isolated from Palauan-sourced CRB was designated as OrNV-Palau1. Both OrNV-Palau1 and OrNV-X2B, a CRB biological control isolate released in the Pacific, were propagated using the FRI-AnCu-35 cell line for production of inoculum. However, the OrNV-Palau1 isolate exhibited lower viral production levels and longer larval survival times compared to OrNV-X2B in O. rhinoceros larvae. Full genome sequences of the OrNV-Palau1 and -X2B isolates were determined and found to be closely related to each other. Altogether these results suggest CRB adults in Palau are infected with a less virulent virus, which may affect the nature and extent of OrNV-induced pathology in Palauan populations of CRB"
Keywords:		"Animals Coleoptera/*genetics/metabolism/*virology DNA Viruses/genetics Genome, Viral/genetics Haplotypes/genetics Host Microbial Interactions/genetics Larva/genetics Nudiviridae/*genetics/pathogenicity Palau Pest Control, Biological/methods Polymerase Cha;"
Notes:		"MedlineTanaka, Shunsuke Harrison, Robert L Arai, Hiroshi Katayama, Yukie Mizutani, Tetsuya Inoue, Maki N Miles, Joel Marshall, Sean D G Kitalong, Christopher Nakai, Madoka eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. England 2021/09/22 Sci Rep. 2021 Sep 20; 11(1):18820. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-97426-w"