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Nutr Diabetes

Title:		Multi-omics signatures in new-onset diabetes predict metabolic response to dietary inulin: findings from an observational study followed by an interventional trial
Author(s):		Daskova N; Modos I; Krbcova M; Kuzma M; Pelantova H; Hradecky J; Heczkova M; Bratova M; Videnska P; Splichalova P; Kralova M; Henikova M; Potockova J; Ouradova A; Landberg R; Kuhn T; Cahova M; Gojda J;
Address:		"First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic. Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, Prague, Czech Republic. Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic. Mendel University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brno, Czech Republic. RECETOX, Faculty of Science Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. Ambis University, Department of Economics and Management, Prague, Czech Republic. Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg, Sweden. Institute of Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK. Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic. monika.cahova@ikem.cz"
Journal Title:		Nutr Diabetes
Year:		2023
Volume:		20230421
Issue:		1
Page Number:		7 -
DOI:		10.1038/s41387-023-00235-5
ISSN/ISBN:		2044-4052 (Electronic) 2044-4052 (Linking)
Abstract:		"AIM: The metabolic performance of the gut microbiota contributes to the onset of type 2 diabetes. However, targeted dietary interventions are limited by the highly variable inter-individual response. We hypothesized (1) that the composition of the complex gut microbiome and metabolome (MIME) differ across metabolic spectra (lean-obese-diabetes); (2) that specific MIME patterns could explain the differential responses to dietary inulin; and (3) that the response can be predicted based on baseline MIME signature and clinical characteristics. METHOD: Forty-nine patients with newly diagnosed pre/diabetes (DM), 66 metabolically healthy overweight/obese (OB), and 32 healthy lean (LH) volunteers were compared in a cross-sectional case-control study integrating clinical variables, dietary intake, gut microbiome, and fecal/serum metabolomes (16 S rRNA sequencing, metabolomics profiling). Subsequently, 27 DM were recruited for a predictive study: 3 months of dietary inulin (10 g/day) intervention. RESULTS: MIME composition was different between groups. While the DM and LH groups represented opposite poles of the abundance spectrum, OB was closer to DM. Inulin supplementation was associated with an overall improvement in glycemic indices, though the response was very variable, with a shift in microbiome composition toward a more favorable profile and increased serum butyric and propionic acid concentrations. The improved glycemic outcomes of inulin treatment were dependent on better baseline glycemic status and variables related to the gut microbiota, including the abundance of certain bacterial taxa (i.e., Blautia, Eubacterium halii group, Lachnoclostridium, Ruminiclostridium, Dialister, or Phascolarctobacterium), serum concentrations of branched-chain amino acid derivatives and asparagine, and fecal concentrations of indole and several other volatile organic compounds. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that obesity is a stronger determinant of different MIME patterns than impaired glucose metabolism. The large inter-individual variability in the metabolic effects of dietary inulin was explained by differences in baseline glycemic status and MIME signatures. These could be further validated to personalize nutritional interventions in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes"
Keywords:		"Humans *Inulin/metabolism/pharmacology *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Case-Control Studies Cross-Sectional Studies Multiomics Obesity/metabolism Overweight/metabolism;"
Notes:		"MedlineDaskova, N Modos, I Krbcova, M Kuzma, M Pelantova, H Hradecky, J Heczkova, M Bratova, M Videnska, P Splichalova, P Kralova, M Henikova, M Potockova, J Ouradova, A Landberg, R Kuhn, T Cahova, M Gojda, J eng mentorship program supported by Astra Zeneca/European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (EFSD)/ Observational Study Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2023/04/22 Nutr Diabetes. 2023 Apr 21; 13(1):7. doi: 10.1038/s41387-023-00235-5"