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Phytochemistry

Title:		Seasonal variation of monoterpene emission from Malus domestica and Prunus avium
Author(s):		Rapparini F; Baraldi R; Facini O;
Address:		"Istituto di Ecofisiologia delle Piante Arboree da Frutto, CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy. rapparini@istea.bo.cnr.it"
Journal Title:		Phytochemistry
Year:		2001
Volume:		57
Issue:		5
Page Number:		681 - 687
DOI:		10.1016/s0031-9422(01)00124-8
ISSN/ISBN:		0031-9422 (Print) 0031-9422 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Emission rates of monoterpenes released by apple (Malus domestica Borkh) and cherry (Prunus avium L.) were estimated at different phenological stages. These measurements employed a dynamic flow-through Teflon chamber, sample collection onto cartridges filled with graphitized carbon and thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for identification and quantification of the emitted volatiles. At full bloom the release of monoterpene hydrocarbons from cherry flowers was 1213 ng g(-1) dry weight (DW) h(-1), exceeding by approximately three-fold the emission rate of apple flowers (366 ng g(-1) DW h(-1)). Observed seasonal variations in biogenic volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions ranged over several order of magnitudes. At fruit-set and ripening stages, in fact, the hydrocarbon emission dramatically decreased reaching the lowest values at harvest time when leaves were fully mature (3-9 ng g(-1) DW h(-1)). Wide diversity in the composition of compounds from the species studied was also recorded. At blooming, linalool contributed significantly to the monoterpene emission from apple (94% of the emitted carbon) while alpha-pinene and camphene represented on average more than 60% of the total emitted volatiles from cherry flowers. Among the monoterpenes identified in flowers, alpha-pinene, camphene and limonene were also found in the foliage emission of both species. Fruit trees are relevant monoterpene emitters only at blooming and thus for a short period of the vegetative cycle. When leaves are fully developed, the carbon loss due to monoterpene emissions related to the photosynthetically carbon gain is negligible"
Keywords:		Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Rosales/*metabolism *Seasons Terpenes/*metabolism Volatilization;
Notes:		"MedlineRapparini, F Baraldi, R Facini, O eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2001/06/09 Phytochemistry. 2001 Jul; 57(5):681-7. doi: 10.1016/s0031-9422(01)00124-8"