| Title: | "Tools to Tie: Flower Characteristics, VOC Emission Profile, and Glandular Trichomes of Two Mexican Salvia Species to Attract Bees" |
| Author(s): | Giuliani C; Giovanetti M; Lupi D; Mesiano MP; Barilli R; Ascrizzi R; Flamini G; Fico G; |
| Address: | "Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Ghirardi Botanical Garden, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Religione 25, I-25088 Toscolano Maderno, Brescia, Italy. Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciencias, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal. CREA-Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Via di Saliceto 80, 40128 Bologna, Italy. Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, I-20133 Milan, Italy. Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126 Pisa, Italy" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 2223-7747 (Print) 2223-7747 (Electronic) 2223-7747 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "A plant can combine physical and chemical tools to interact with other organisms. Some are designed for pollinator attraction (i.e., colors and volatile organic compounds-VOCs); others can act to discourage herbivores (i.e., non-glandular trichomes). Few studies fully address available tools in a single species; notwithstanding, this information can be pivotal in understanding new interactions out of the home range. We characterized flower traits, emission profiles of constitutive compounds from flowers and leaves, micro-morphology of the glandular trichomes, and listed flower visitors of two Mexican bird-pollinated Salvia species (S. blepharophylla and S. greggii), growing in an Italian botanical garden. Flowers were highly variable in their morphometric characteristics. In both species, four trichome morphotypes with similar histochemistry and distribution were documented for leaves and flowers except the calyx abaxial side. The vegetative emission profiles were qualitatively more complex than the floral ones; however, common compounds occurring in high relative percentages were beta-caryophyllene and germacrene D. Floral bouquets were dominated by limonene and beta-pinene in S. greggii and by 1,8-cineole in S. blepharophylla. Two potential (non-bird) pollinators were especially abundant: small bees belonging to the genus Lasioglossum and large bees belonging to the species Xylocopa violacea. Our study highlights the plasticity of these plants, as well as tools that can be conveniently used to establish novel interactions" |
| Keywords: | Lamiaceae Salvia blepharophylla Salvia greggii VOCs bees glandular trichomes pollinators; |
| Notes: | "PubMed-not-MEDLINEGiuliani, Claudia Giovanetti, Manuela Lupi, Daniela Mesiano, Marco Palamara Barilli, Renata Ascrizzi, Roberta Flamini, Guido Fico, Gelsomina eng lr. 25/2016, year 2019/Regione Lombardia/ Switzerland 2020/12/02 Plants (Basel). 2020 Nov 25; 9(12):1645. doi: 10.3390/plants9121645" |
