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Environ Pollut

Title:		Tracking polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in lichens: It's all about the algae
Author(s):		Augusto S; Sierra J; Nadal M; Schuhmacher M;
Address:		"TECNATOX, Chemical Engineering Department, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Paisos Catalans, n masculine 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; cE3c-Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Bloco C2, Piso 5, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: anasofia.pachecomarques@urv.cat. TECNATOX, Chemical Engineering Department, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Paisos Catalans, n masculine 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; Laboratori d'edafologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain. Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Sant Llorenc 21, 43201 Reus, Spain. TECNATOX, Chemical Engineering Department, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/ Paisos Catalans, n masculine 26, 43007 Tarragona, Spain"
Journal Title:		Environ Pollut
Year:		2015
Volume:		20150828
Issue:
Page Number:		441 - 445
DOI:		10.1016/j.envpol.2015.08.013
ISSN/ISBN:		1873-6424 (Electronic) 0269-7491 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Lichens, symbioses of fungi and algae and/or cyanobacteria, have the remarkable ability to uptake and accumulate semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC) from air, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), but the mechanism of accumulation is still unknown. Understanding these mechanisms is critical to standardize the use of lichens as environmental bioindicators and to further integrate them in air monitoring networks. Through a series of experiments we show that gas phase PAHs easily cross lichen's surface and accumulate in the photosynthetic algal layer of lichens. Once accumulated, they remain in the algal layer and not within the fungus hyphae, or adhered to lichen's surface, as it was previously supposed to happen. Additionally, when lichens are washed, gas phase PAHs still remain in the algal layer. Our results reveal that lichens may be utilized as bioindicators of gas phase PAHs, overcoming current limitations of air monitoring"
Keywords:		"Air Pollutants/*analysis Chlorophyta/*chemistry Environmental Monitoring/*methods Lichens/*chemistry Microscopy, Fluorescence Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/*analysis/pharmacokinetics Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis/pharmacokinetics Air pollution B;"
Notes:		"MedlineAugusto, Sofia Sierra, Jordi Nadal, Marti Schuhmacher, Marta eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2015/09/01 Environ Pollut. 2015 Dec; 207:441-5. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.08.013. Epub 2015 Aug 28"