| Title: | Canine-Inspired Chemometric Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds in Urine Headspace to Distinguish Prostate Cancer in Mice and Men |
| Author(s): | Woollam M; Siegel AP; Munshi A; Liu S; Tholpady S; Gardner T; Li BY; Yokota H; Agarwal M; |
| Address: | "Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China. Richard L Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 2072-6694 (Print) 2072-6694 (Electronic) 2072-6694 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Canines can identify prostate cancer with high accuracy by smelling volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urine. Previous studies have identified VOC biomarkers for prostate cancer utilizing solid phase microextraction (SPME) gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) but have not assessed the ability of VOCs to distinguish aggressive cancers. Additionally, previous investigations have utilized murine models to identify biomarkers but have not determined if the results are translatable to humans. To address these challenges, urine was collected from mice with prostate cancer and men undergoing prostate cancer biopsy and VOCs were analyzed by SPME GC-MS. Prior to analysis, SPME fibers/arrows were compared, and the fibers had enhanced sensitivity toward VOCs with a low molecular weight. The analysis of mouse urine demonstrated that VOCs could distinguish tumor-bearing mice with 100% accuracy. Linear discriminant analysis of six VOCs in human urine distinguished prostate cancer with sensitivity = 75% and specificity = 69%. Another panel of seven VOCs could classify aggressive cancer with sensitivity = 78% and specificity = 85%. These results show that VOCs have moderate accuracy in detecting prostate cancer and a superior ability to stratify aggressive tumors. Furthermore, the overlap in the structure of VOCs identified in humans and mice shows the merit of murine models for identifying biomarker candidates" |
| Keywords: | chemometric analysis gas chromatography (GC) mass spectrometry (MS) prostate cancer biomarkers solid phase microextraction (SPME) volatile organic compounds (VOCs); |
| Notes: | "PubMed-not-MEDLINEWoollam, Mark Siegel, Amanda P Munshi, Adam Liu, Shengzhi Tholpady, Sunil Gardner, Thomas Li, Bai-Yan Yokota, Hiroki Agarwal, Mangilal eng Switzerland 2023/02/26 Cancers (Basel). 2023 Feb 20; 15(4):1352. doi: 10.3390/cancers15041352" |
