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Gene

Title:		Gender and sexual behavior modulate the composition of serum lipocalins in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Author(s):		Shirak A; Reicher S; Uliel S; Mehlman T; Shainskaya A; Ron M; Seroussi E;
Address:		"Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 6, Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel"
Journal Title:		Gene
Year:		2012
Volume:		20120512
Issue:		1
Page Number:		22 - 30
DOI:		10.1016/j.gene.2012.04.092
ISSN/ISBN:		1879-0038 (Electronic) 0378-1119 (Linking)
Abstract:		"In tilapia species, plasma lipoproteins with high electrophoretic mobility function in intra- and intergender communication. Blood samples taken at onset and peak of daily sexual activity from dominant and subordinate Oreochromis niloticus males and females were fractionated by native gel electrophoresis and the fast-migrating proteins were subjected to mass spectrometry. Mining the sequence data of the Cichlid Genome Consortium, we identified 11 proteins from the lipocalin super-family and characterized their genes' structures. Phylogenetic and structural analyses subdivided these genes into two classes: (I) 3-coding-exon apolipoproteins and (II) more complex 6-coding-exon sulfide-bond-containing lipocalins. Five apolipoproteins and PTGDSL1, TBTBP, and MSP proteins were modulated by gender and sexual behavior. PTGDSL1 protein was only observed in the plasma serum of dominant males. However, the cysteine residue in the position that is crucial for synthetase activity in mammalian prostaglandin D synthetases was not conserved in PTGDSL1 or PTGDSL2 proteins. In line with previous reports suggesting their involvement in male functions as pheromone transporters, TBTBP and MSP proteins were not detected in females at the onset of daily activity. Their increasing amount in males was concordant with the increase in apolipoproteins AFP4L, APOA4a, APOA4b, APO14kD and APOC2, which were detected exclusively in dominant males, indicating a possible role in mobilization of the energy required to maintain their social hierarchy"
Keywords:		"Amino Acid Sequence Animals Cichlids/*physiology Computational Biology Female *Hierarchy, Social Lipocalins/*blood/*genetics Male Molecular Sequence Data Phylogeny Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Sex Factors *Sexual Behavior, Animal;"
Notes:		"MedlineShirak, Andrey Reicher, Shay Uliel, Shai Mehlman, Tevie Shainskaya, Alla Ron, Micha Seroussi, Eyal eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Netherlands 2012/05/17 Gene. 2012 Aug 1; 504(1):22-30. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.04.092. Epub 2012 May 12"