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Tree Physiol

Title:		Foliar methyl salicylate emissions indicate prolonged aphid infestation on silver birch and black alder
Author(s):		Blande JD; Korjus M; Holopainen JK;
Address:		"Department of Environmental Science, University of Kuopio, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland"
Journal Title:		Tree Physiol
Year:		2010
Volume:		20100122
Issue:		3
Page Number:		404 - 416
DOI:		10.1093/treephys/tpp124
ISSN/ISBN:		0829-318X (Print) 0829-318X (Linking)
Abstract:		"It is well documented that when plants are damaged by insects they respond by emitting a range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). While there have been numerous reports concerning VOCs induced by chewing herbivores, there are relatively few studies detailing the VOCs induced by aphid feeding. The effects of aphid feeding on VOCs emitted by boreal forest trees have been particularly neglected. Herbivore-induced VOCs have relevance to direct and indirect plant defence and atmospheric chemistry. In this study, we analysed the VOCs emitted by Betula pendula (Roth) and Alnus glutinosa (L.) (Gaertn.) infested by specialist aphid species under laboratory conditions. We also complemented this by collecting VOCs from leaf beetle-damaged saplings under field conditions. In addition to induction of some inducible terpenes, we detected substantial aphid-induced emissions of methyl salicylate (MeSA) in both B. pendula and A. glutinosa. MeSA emission intensity depended on the length of aphid infestation. Feeding by beetles induced emission of (E)-DMNT in both tree species and (E)-beta-ocimene in A. glutinosa but had no effect on MeSA emissions. MeSA has been shown to have aphid-repellent qualities and has been shown recently to have impact on formation of secondary organic aerosols in the atmosphere. We discuss our results in relation to these two phenomena"
Keywords:		Animals Aphids/*physiology Betula/*parasitology/physiology Host-Parasite Interactions Ilex/*parasitology/physiology Salicylates/*metabolism;
Notes:		"MedlineBlande, James D Korjus, Minna Holopainen, Jarmo K eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Canada 2010/01/26 Tree Physiol. 2010 Mar; 30(3):404-16. doi: 10.1093/treephys/tpp124. Epub 2010 Jan 22"