| Title: | "Comparison of Hygroscopicity, Volatility, and Mixing State of Submicrometer Particles between Cruises over the Arctic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean" |
| Author(s): | Kim G; Cho HJ; Seo A; Kim D; Gim Y; Lee BY; Yoon YJ; Park K; |
| Address: | "National Leading Research Laboratory, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea. Korea Polar Research Institute , 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-Gu, Incheon 406-840, Republic of Korea" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1520-5851 (Electronic) 0013-936X (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Ship-borne measurements of ambient aerosols were conducted during an 11?ª+937 km cruise over the Arctic Ocean (cruise 1) and the Pacific Ocean (cruise 2). A frequent nucleation event was observed during cruise 1 under marine influence, and the abundant organic matter resulting from the strong biological activity in the ocean could contribute to the formation of new particles and their growth to a detectable size. Concentrations of particle mass and black carbon increased with increasing continental influence from polluted areas. During cruise 1, multiple peaks of hygroscopic growth factor (HGF) of 1.1-1.2, 1.4, and 1.6 were found, and higher amounts of volatile organic species existed in the particles compared to that during cruise 2, which is consistent with the greater availability of volatile organic species caused by the strong oceanic biological activity (cruise 1). Internal mixtures of volatile and nonhygroscopic organic species, nonvolatile and less-hygroscopic organic species, and nonvolatile and hygroscopic nss-sulfate with varying fractions can be assumed to constitute the submicrometer particles. On the basis of elemental composition and morphology, the submicrometer particles were classified into C-rich mixture, S-rich mixture, C/S-rich mixture, Na-rich mixture, C/P-rich mixture, and mineral-rich mixture. Consistently, the fraction of biological particles (i.e., P-containing particles) increased when the ship traveled along a strongly biologically active area" |
| Keywords: | Aerosols/*analysis/chemistry Arctic Regions Carbon/analysis Environmental Monitoring/*methods Oceans and Seas Pacific Ocean Particle Size Phosphorus/analysis *Ships Sodium/analysis Sulfates/analysis Sulfur/analysis Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis Vola; |
| Notes: | "MedlineKim, Gibaek Cho, Hee-Joo Seo, Arom Kim, Dohyung Gim, Yeontae Lee, Bang Yong Yoon, Young Jun Park, Kihong eng Comparative Study Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2015/09/22 Environ Sci Technol. 2015 Oct 20; 49(20):12024-35. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01505. Epub 2015 Oct 1" |
